Page 100 - Principles of Applied Reservoir Simulation 2E

Part I: Reservoir Engineering Primer 85

• Development and implementation of strategies that will enable the
industry to meet both future global energy needs and environmental
objectives.
• Investment in natural gas, low or zero-emissions fuels, and renewable
forms of energy.
• Improved communications with communities affected by operations,

Global Climate Change
One of the most pressing environmental concerns is global climate change.
A purported cause of adverse global climate change is due to the "greenhouse
effect." Increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere absorb infrared
radiation rather than letting it escape into space. The resulting atmospheric
heating is attributed to excessive emissions of carbon dioxide into the atmo-
sphere. Government and industry are undertaking programs to address this issue.
For example, one possible solution is to collect and store carbon dioxide in
reservoirs in a process known as CO 2 sequestration. The goal of CO 2 sequestra-
tion and similar programs is to provide economically competitive and environ-
mentally safe options to offset all projected growth in baseline emissions of
greenhouse gases.

Exercises

Exercise 9.1 Five independent studies determined the following reserves for
Reservoir A:

Study 1 2 3 4 5
Oil Recovery (MSTBO) 320 150 480 260 370
Assuming a normal distribution of reserves, estimate proved, probable and
possible reserves. Hint: Calculate the average and standard deviation for the oil
recoveries reported above.

Exercise 9.2 Suppose a reservoir has an average porosity of 20%, a formation
6 1
compressibility of 20><10~ psia" , and a net thickness of 500 feet; and the
reservoir is subjected to a pressure depletion of 3000 psia. (A) Plot subsidence