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Figure A.3 Prototyping board.



        Multimeter


        A multimeter is a useful device that measures electricity, just like you would use a ruler to

        measure distance or a stopwatch to measure time. The best thing about a multimeter is that
        it also measures a lot of different things, such as voltage, current, resistance, and much
        more. A standard multimeter will have a large dial in the middle, which lets you select
        what you want to measure.


             Most multimeters can measure voltage, current, and resistance; some multimeters also
        have  a  continuity  check,  which  tests  to  see  if  the  electrical  circuit  is  complete  by
        producing  a  loud  beep  when  two  things  are  electrically  connected.  This  is  helpful  in
        diagnosing problems with a circuit—you can trace the voltage around the circuit and find

        which part is incomplete or not functioning the way it should. In contrast to this, you can
        make sure that two things are not connected just in case you don’t want a certain part of
        your circuit to short, or you may want to test your soldering skills by not accidentally
        soldering joints together.


             There are some advanced multimeters, which are often expensive, that have certain
        additional  functions,  such  as  the  ability  to  measure  transistors  or  capacitors.  These
        functions  are  more  suited  for  the  professional  engineers  who  design  and  manufacture
        high-end products.
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