Page 106 - Theory and Problems of BEGINNING CHEMISTRY

CHAP. 6] INORGANIC NOMENCLATURE 95

water) compound with a designation for the number of water molecules appended. Thus, CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O is called
copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate. The 5, written on line, multiplies everything after it until the next centered dot
or the end of the formula. Thus, included in CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O are ten H atoms and nine O atoms (five from the water
and four in the sulfate ion).

Solved Problems

INTRODUCTION
6.1. Explain why the following three compounds, with such similar-looking formulas, have such different
names:
KCl Potassium chloride
CuCl Copper(I) chloride
BrCl Bromine monochloride

Ans. The three compounds belong to different nomenclature classes. Potassium in its compounds always forms
1+ ions, and thus there is no need to state 1+ in the name. Copper forms 1+ and 2+ ions, and we need to
designate which of these exists in this compound. BrCl is a binary nonmetal-nonmetal compound, using a
prefix to denote the number of chlorine atoms.

BINARY COMPOUNDS OF NONMETALS
6.2. Name the following compounds: (a) ClF, (b)CO 2 ,(c) BrF 3 ,(d) CCl 4 ,(e)PF 5 , and (f )SF 6 .
Ans. (a) Chlorine monofluoride (b) Carbon dioxide (c) Bromine trifluoride (d) Carbon tetrachloride
(e) Phosphorus pentafluoride (f) Sulfur hexafluoride

6.3. Name the following compounds: (a)P 4 O 10 ,(b)Cl 2 O, and (c) ClO 2 .
Ans. (a) Tetraphosphorus decoxide (b) Dichlorine monoxide (c) Chlorine dioxide

6.4. Name the following: (a) a compound with two oxygen atoms and one chlorine atom per molecule;
(b) a compound with one iodine atom and five fluorine atoms per molecule; and (c) a compound with
one sulfur atom and six fluorine atoms per molecule.
Ans. (a) Chlorine dioxide (b) Iodine pentafluoride (c) Sulfur hexafluoride

6.5. Write formulas for each of the following compounds: (a) carbon tetrafluoride, (b) xenon hexafluoride,
and (c) sulfur difluoride.
Ans. (a)CF 4 (b) XeF 6 (c)SF 2

6.6. Name (a)H 2 O and (b)NH 3 .
Ans. (a) Water (b) Ammonia

6.7. Write formulas for each of the following compounds: (a) dinitrogen trioxide, (b) carbon disulfide, and
(c) carbon tetrabromide.
Ans. (a)N 2 O 3 (b)CS 2 (c) CBr 4

6.8. Write formulas for each of the following compounds: (a) dichlorine monoxide, (b) dichlorine trioxide,
and (c) chlorine dioxide.

Ans. (a)Cl 2 O(b)Cl 2 O 3 (c) ClO 2