Page 58 - Sensors and Control Systems in Manufacturing

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1.11.4 LED Lighting
LED lighting is a general term used by those who do not know the
specific type or category of LED lighting they are after. LED lighting
includes LED bulbs and fixtures, flashlights, strips, clusters, and
other LED light sources.
1.11.5 LED Strips
LED strips are usually printed circuit boards with LEDs soldered to
the board. The strip can be rigid, or flexible and without any enclo-
sure to protect the LED and circuit.

1.11.6 Low Voltage
LEDs require 12 V DC, 24 V DC, or 48 V DC to be powered, as opposed
to 110/120 V AC, which is high voltage. Usually, LEDs utilize a low
voltage of 12 V DC; however, sometimes 24 V DC is used. To run these
low voltage lights, power must be sent to the light through a power
supply, transformer, or adapter that is connected to 110/120/240 V AC
power lines. The actual voltage reaching the light will be at 12 V DC.

1.11.7 Lumen Maintenance
Lumen maintenance is defined as how well an LED light bulb is able
to retain its intensity when compared to a new one. Typically, a high-
power SMD LED bulb will retain 70 percent of its intensity for 40,000–
50,000 hours. This means a good-quality LED bulb will run eight
hours a day for 13 years at 70 percent of its new condition. It is inter-
esting to state that no other light source can achieve such results.

1.11.8 Lumens
The lumens is the unit of luminous flux use by the International Sys-
tem and is equal to the amount of light given out through a solid
angle by a source of one candela intensity radiating equally in all
directions. It is used to measure light bulbs as stand-alone light
sources. Lighting fixtures are measured by lux output, which is
lumens per square meter.

1.11.9 Lux
The lux is typically used to measure the light intensity produced by a
lighting fixture. The higher the lux reading, the more light the lighting
fixture is producing for a given area, known as lumens per square meter.

1.11.10 LED mA
All LEDs run on current, and current is measured in milliamps (mA).
All LED products have a mA rating at which they are powered.