Page 21 - Separation process principles 2

Nomenclature xxv

solid; rate of entropy; total entropy; solubility u, superficial velocity
equal to H in (3-50); cross-sectional area for u~ gas velocity
flow; solvent flow rate; mass of adsorbent;
stripping factor = KVJL; surface area; inert uo characteristic rise velocity of a droplet
solid flow rate; flow rate of crystals; supersatu- V vapor; volume; vapor flow rate; overflow flow
ration; belt speed; number of saddles rate
separation factor in ion exchange vapor molar flow rate in an intermediate sec-
tion of a column; solute-free molar vapor rate
surface area per unit volume of a porous particle
Vg boilup ratio
residual of liquid-phase mole-fraction summa-
tion equation (10-3) VH holdup as a fraction of dryer volume
residual of vapor-phase mole-fraction surnma- VLH volumetric liquid holdup
tion equation (10-4)
VML volume of mother liquor in magma
molar entropy; fractional rate of surface re-
V, pore volume per unit mass of particle
newal; relative supersaturation
VV volume of a vessel
particle external surface area
vapor molar flow rate in stripping section
split fraction defined by (1-2)
number of variables in Gibbs phase rule
separation power or relative split ratio defined
v molar volume; velocity; component flow rate
by (1-4); salt passage defined by (14-70)
in vapor; volume of gas adsorbed
split ratio defined by (1-3)
average molecule velocity
temperature
v, species velocity relative to stationary coordi-
critical temperature nates
glass-transition temperature for a polymer species diffusion velocity relative to the molar
binary interaction parameter in UNIQUAC and average velocity of the mixture
UNIFAC equations v, critical molar volume
melting temperature for a polymer UH humid volume
datum temperature for enthalpy; reference tem- molar average velocity of a mixture
VM
perature; infinite source or sink temperature
v, particle volume
reduced temperature = TITc
v, reduced molar volume,
source or sink temperature
v, molar volume of crystals
moisture evaporation temperature
vo superficial velocity
time; residence time
summation of atomic and structural diffusion
average residence time volumes in (3-36)
time to breakthrough in adsorption W rate of work; width of film; bottoms flow rate;
contact time in the penetration theory amount of adsorbate; washing factor in leach-
elution time in chromatography ing = SIRFA; baffle width; moles of liquid in a
batch still; moisture content on a wet basis;
feed pulse time in chromatography
vapor sidestream molar flow rate; weir length
contact time of liquid in penetration theory;
Wmi, minimum work of separation
residence time of crystals to reach size L
WES weight of equilibrium (spent) section of ad-
residence Lime
sorption bed
superficial velocity; overall heat-transfer coef-
WUB weight of unused adsorption bed
ficient; liquid sidestream molar flow rate; reci-
Ws rate of shaft work
procal of extraction factor
superficial vapor velocity based on tray active w mass fraction; width of a channel; weighting
bubbling area function in (10-90)
flooding velocity X mole or mass ratio; mass ratio of soluble mate-
rial to solvent in underflow; moisture content
velocity; interstitial velocity
on a dry basis; general variable; parameter in
bulk-average velocity; flow-average velocity (9-34)
relative or slip velocity X equilibrium moisture on a dry basis
allowable velocity bound moisture content on a dry basis
XB
velocity of concentration wave in adsorption
X, critical free moisture content on a dry basis
energy of interaction in UNIQUAC equation total moisture content on a dry basis
XT
superficial liquid velocity mass of solute per volume of solid
Xi
minimum fluidization velocity X, mole fraction of functional group m in
hole velocity for sieve tray; superficial gas UNIFAC method
velocity in a packed column