Page 244 - Soil Degradation, Conservation and Remediation

Index 233

O Permafrost , 4, 15, 16, 18–20
Oats , 25, 130, 135, 152, 196, 203, 204 Permeable reactive barrier , 184
Oldeman, L.R. , 2, 142 Persica salvadora , 118
Olives , 12, 135 Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) , 156, 170,
Onions , 135, 145, 170, 180, 196, 205 174, 177, 178, 181–183
Open dumps , 33, 156, 159, 347 Peru , 12, 105
Optimum yields , 6 Pesticides , 32–34, 63, 80, 95, 149, 150, 157,
Orange , 33, 165, 205 159–165, 167–170, 176, 177, 181, 184,
Organic soils , 16, 19, 36, 46, 60–61, 151 186, 188–191, 193, 195, 216
Organochlorine compounds , 159, 162, Peterson, L.A , 131
165, 179 Phaeozems , 19
Organochlorines , 34, 159, 162, 163, 165, 167, Pharmaceuticals , 33, 154, 159, 191, 211
179, 182 Phenyl ureas , 168
Organophosphorus compounds , 34, 162 Philippines , 12, 91, 127, 191
Oryzalin , 168, 169 Phosphate fertilizers , 33, 131, 161, 177
Oryza sativa L. , 189 Phosphorus , 5, 12, 34, 127, 128, 132–134,
Outwash fans , 70 136, 157, 162, 165
Overgrazing , 1, 25, 29–31, 49, 62–64, 69, 70, Photochemical degradation , 169
103, 104 Phthalate esters (PAEs) , 177, 181
Oxamyl , 163 Phthalic acid , 166
Oxisols , 20–21, 128 Phthalimide , 166, 167
Phyllanthus serpentinus , 215
Physical deterioration , 1, 35, 36, 45–64
P Physical separation , 183
PAEs. See Phthalate esters (PAEs) Phytoaccumulation , 214
PAHs. See Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Phytodegradation , 188, 214
(PAHs) Phytoextraction , 188, 214
Paints , 150, 154, 160, 161, 190, 191 Phytoremediation , 188, 214
Paleosols , 20 Phytostimulation , 188
Panicum turgidum , 118 Phytovolatilization , 188, 214
Papaya , 205 Picea glauca , 117
Parsley , 135, 205 Picloram , 158, 168, 169
Pasture , 4, 5, 9, 11, 15, 18, 22, 25, 27–29, Pigment , 168
37, 38, 78, 82, 93, 116, 131, 132, Pineapple , 92, 135, 205
134–136, 176 Pinus ponderosa , 117
Pasturelands , 78 Pinus resinosa , 117
Pawluk, S. , 194 Pinus strobus , 117
PCBs. See Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) Pizzul, L. , 184
PCDDs. See Polychlorinated dibenzodioxin Plastic mulch , 89
(PCDDs) Plinthite , 11, 20
PCDFs. See Polychlorinated Plinthosols , 20, 22
dibenzofurans(PCDFs) Plum , 11, 135, 176, 188, 198
PCE. See Polychloroethylene (PCE) Plutonium , 175
PCNs. See Polychlorinated naphthalenes Podzols , 21
(PCNs) Pollution , 3, 24, 32–34, 36, 37, 80, 125,
Peach , 135 149–216
Pear , 135 Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) , 149, 154,
Peas , 135, 145 170, 172, 174, 177–179, 182, 186, 189
Peats , 17, 28, 60, 61, 64, 141, 157 Polychlorinated dibenzodioxin (PCDDs) , 175,
Peds , 45–47 178, 179
Pendimethalin , 168, 169 Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) ,
Pentachlorophenol , 177, 181, 184–186, 189 178, 179
Peppers , 135, 205, 206 Polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) ,
Percolation , 2, 46, 55, 58, 60 149, 177, 180