Page 103 - Standards for K-12 Engineering Education

Standards for K-12 Engineering Education?

88 STANDARDS FOR K–12 ENGINEERING EDUCATION?

Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12

The content and contexts could include:
10.1.1 11.1.1 12.1.1
understanding of the issues of describing of environmental applying of the principles of
environmental technology technology conservation related to
environmental technology

10.1.2 11.1.2 12.1.2
understanding human rights as discussing human rights applying human rights and work
captured in the Bill of Rights including fairness, equality and ethics
inclusivity
10.1.3 11.1.3 12.1.3
responding to basic medical responding to basic medical responding to basic medical
emergencies in context, taking emergencies in context, taking emergencies in context, taking
cognisance of health issues such cognisance of health issues such cognisance of health issues such
as HIV/AIDS as HIV/AIDS as HIV/AIDS
10.1.4 11.1.4 12.1.4
understanding indigenous comparing how different analysing of solutions to
knowledge systems of different cultures solve technological technological problems in
cultures problems different cultures
10.1.5 11.1.5 12.1.5
understanding the principles of discussing entrepreneurial investigating entrepreneurial
entrepreneurial activity principles to help improve the opportunities
economy

Table 4 A Sample of the South African Civil Technology “Content and Contexts for the
Attainment of Assessment Standards”

2.4 France
The French educational system is an interesting case study because it is much more elitist than
the others. In the French system, the road to academic engineering study is preceded by a
progressive selections. Clearly, the emphasis is not on trying to get more people to understand
what engineering is but to get the very best students to become engineers. Pre-university
engineering education is prominent in the French system, including in general education, but the
pre-university education is characterized by selectivity.

Formal education in France starts with three years of kindergarten (école maternelle), followed
by five years of primary school (école élémentaire) and four years of junior secondary education
(collège). In collège, there is a subject analogous to technology education in U.S. junior high
schools. The final four years of secondary education prepare students for the baccalauréat
(known as the bac), the degree that gives entrance to tertiary education. The bac is comparable
to the A-level degree in the U.K. and the Higher School Certificate in Australia.

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