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Pro c ess O p timization 33
2. Manolas et al. (1997) applied GA techniques to the optimal
operation of industrial utility systems.
3. Castell et al. (1998) described a novel GA application to
optimize process layout.
4. Genetic algorithms have been proposed for the synthesis of
Heat Exchanger Networks (HENs) and other processing
systems (Ravagnani et al., 2005; Xiangkun et al., 2007; Fieg,
Xing, and Jeżowski, 2009); the paper by Xiangkun and
colleagues presents a hybrid GA-SA method.
5. Ahmad et al., (2008) proposed that SA be used for synthesizing
Heat Exchanger Networks. This approach employs a
completely evolutionary strategy, starting from a trivial
network topology that connects all hot streams to coolers
and all cold streams to heaters.
3.10 Creating Models
The procedure for building a process model is illustrated in Figure 3.1.
The modeling begins with accumulating sufficient information
about the process—in order to develop an understanding of the
elements and the relationships between them—and proceeds to
formulating a mathematical description of the process that is imple-
mented on a computational platform. A distinctive characteristic of
the procedure is its iterative nature. The mathematical modeling
BEGIN
YES
Conceptual YES
modeling
Mathematical Need
modeling corrections?
NO
Computational Need
implementation corrections?
NO
END
FIGURE 3.1 Model creation procedure.
