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            through the skimmer plates into the mass spectrometer source. This interface system can operate at flow
            rates of a few microliters a minute and are thus ideally suited for micro column chromatography. An
            example of the use of the interface to monitor the micro column separation of cytochrome c and to
            obtain its mass spectrum is shown in Figure 9.40.


































                                                         Figure 9.40.
                                          A Chromatogram of Cytochrome c Monitored by
                                          the Micro Column Electrospray Interface (ref. 35)

            The micro column was 15 cm long, 50 µm I.D. and the protein peak represents 10 fmol of cytochrome
            c. The unprocessed mass spectrum is that obtained directly from the peak. The insert depicts the masses
            calculated by deconvolution algorithms that are applied to the multiply charged ion peaks in the actual
            mass spectrum. It is seen that as a result of the production of multiply charged ions, the m/z range for
            measurement is considerably extended and from very small samples the molecular mass of a relatively
            large protein molecule can be evaluated.
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