Page 137 - The Petroleum System From Source to Trap

6. Siliciclastic Reservoir Rocks 131

Table 6.4 (continued)
Reserves (BOE) Gas Migration
Recoverable In place or Oil Trap Stylec Distance Depth Porosity Permeability
(x 109) (x 109) Produced Typeb (km) (m) (%) (md) References
66 0 A Lt, v 30G-2500 20-35 250-8000 Halbouty, 1 9 80
32.3 88 0 A Lt, v 1500 20-35 250-8000 Kamen-Kay, 1 9 70;
Ayers et al., 1 9 82
2.1 0 RIO- v 3720 16 500 Kurley et at., 1 9 92;
Bl Carmalt & St. John, 9 86
1
3.1 6 G, O R/0 v 1372 22 200 Huffington & Helmig, 9 80
1
V, Lt 1 3 00 25-35 1000 DeMatharel et at., 9 80
1
0.80 V, Lt 45G-2900 Verdier et al., 1980
0.77 1 . 42 O,G BI-Up V, Lt 212G-2700 24 2000 Hagen and
Kvalheim, 1 9 92
1
1 . 18 O, G BI-Up v 3800-4400 1 1 1G-1 000 Ehrenberg et al., 9 92
0.16 0 BI-Up V, Lt 1 8 29 Linsley et al., 1980
1 . 2 0 BI-Up v 2779 29 1000 Albright et al., 1 9 80

3.4 5.6 0 BI-Up V, Lt 2585 29 250-1500 Kirk, 1 9 80
1 . 0 0 Wr-A v 2286-2500 25 5000 McCollough and
Carver, 1 9 92
14 0 BI-St V, Lt Chapter 3
200 0 BI-St V, Lt Chapter 3

0.65 0 RIO v 21 34-3658 Nelson, 1 9 80
5.0 0 Bl v 75o-4850 12-28 240 Chapter 29
5.1 0 Chapter 29
2.7 0 BI, Wr-A v 275G-3020 12-22 250 Chapter 37
14.9 O, G BI-A, Up v 2438 20 500 Halbouty, 1 9 80

1
>0.62 1 . 5 0 A-St Lt Barlow and Haun, 9 70
0.4 O, G R/0 V, Lt 1 2 90-3600 30 1 0 00 Holland et al., 9 80
1

sediments might superficially resemble that of a delta in rate of about 1 km/1000 yr (Bernard et al., 1962). Barriers
that a coarsening-upward sequence is formed from the may become stacked when sea level fluctuates.
deep shelf up through a barrier island. However, the Shelf sands may form sets of parallel, linear sand
geologic setting and depositional processes are different. ridges up to 10 m high and tens of kilometers in length
These coastal deposits are shaped and sourced by marine (Swift et al., 1973). These are shaped and winnowed by
processes, such as tides and storm waves, rather than major storm waves. Tidal ridges 10-40 m high, 1-2 km
river processes. Sediment is transported by long shore wide, and up to 60 km long have been described from
and tidal currents and by oblique waves hitting the the North Sea shelf (Houbolt, 1968). Thus, wave or tidal
beach. Detailed description of barrier and shallow processes can form a significant sand body many kilome­
marine strata can be found in Walker (1979), Reineck and ters from the shoreline and in water depths of up to
Singh (1980), and McCubbin (1982). several tens of meters. Walker (1979) examines these
Barrier islands (Figure 6.6) form reservoir quality sand facies and compares them to similar Cretaceous deposits
bodies 5-15 m thick that coarsen upward. They may formed along the shores of the Late Cretaceous seaway
extend along the shore for tens of kilometers before being in Canada and Wyoming.
interrupted by tidal channel inlets. These inlets have Major fields with reservoirs in shallow marine sand­
thick sand accumulations just inside and outside the stones are shown in Table 6.5. High wave or tidal energy
barrier called flood and ebb tidal deltas. Some barrier is indicated in many of these examples. Stacked
islands such as Galveston Island on the Texas coast have sequences such as barrier islands, channels, or bars are
recently prograded seaward at the geologically active important in producing a large volume of reservoir rock.