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The Greening of IT
292 How Companies Can Make a Difference for the Environment

because the DCiE can range from 0 percent to 100 percent, where 100
percent would be the ideal efficiency. The PUE can range from 1 to a
large number, where 1 is considered ideal. So, a PUE of 1.1 is good,
whereas a PUE above 3 is not. A DCiE below 33 percent is considered
inefficient.
DG (Distributed Generation)
Include fuel cells and other clean, efficient distributed technologies used
in data centers.
DOE (Department of Energy)
A U.S. governmental department with a mission to advance the
national, economic, and energy security of the United States and to pro-
mote scientific and technological innovation in support of that mission.
DOE DC Pro Tool Department of Energy Data Center Profiler Tool
An online software tool designed to help industries worldwide quickly
“diagnose” how energy is used by their data centers and how they might
save energy and money. The tool is available at http://www1.eere.energy.
gov/industry/saveenergynow/printable_versions/partnering_data_ ptg
centers.html.
EDUCAUSE
A nonprofit association with a mission to advance higher education by
promoting the intelligent use of information technology (http://www.
educause.edu/).
EEC (European Energy Community)
A regulatory framework for trading energy in Europe.
ensemble
A pool of homogenous systems within a grid or cloud computer system
that is compatible with one another.

EPA (Environmental Protection Agency)
A U.S. governmental agency with a mission to protect human health and
the environment.
EPEAT (Electronic Product Environmental Assessment Tool)
EPEAT was created through an Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineers (IEEE) council because companies and government agencies
wanted to put green criteria in IT requests for proposals. EPEAT’s
energy-consumption criteria are based on the EPA’s Energy Star require-
ments for PCs, and the “sensitive material” criteria require companies to