Page 465 - Trenchless Technology Piping Installation and Inspection

Glossary of Terms 415

of an articulated joint to facilitate steering. May also be referred to as a
trailing tube.
Carbon fiber: A reinforcing material used to strengthen cured-in-place
pipe.
Carriage: The mechanical part of a nonsplit boring machine that includes
the engine or drives motor, the drive train, thrust block, and hydraulic
cylinders.
Carrier pipe: The tube, which carries the product being transported, and
which may go through casings at highway and railroad crossings. It may
be made of steel, concrete, clay, plastic, ductile iron, or other materials.
On occasion it may be bored direct under the highways and railroads.
Cased bore: A bore in which a pipe, usually a steel sleeve, is inserted
simultaneously with the boring operation. Usually associated with
horizontal auger boring or pipe ramming.
Casing: See casing pipe.
Casing adapter: A circular mechanism to provide axial and lateral
support of a smaller-diameter casing than that of the casing pusher.
Casing pipe: A steel pipe usually installed by horizontal auger boring or
pipe ramming methods to support boreholes under roadways or railroad
tracks through which a carrier (or product) pipes or ducts are installed.
Casing pipe method: Method in which a casing, generally steel, is pipe
jacked into place, within which a product pipe is inserted later.
Casing pusher: The front section of a boring machine that distributes the
thrusting force of the hydraulic cylinders to the casing and forms the
outside of the spoil ejector system.
Catalyst: The component of a resin system that induces a reaction to
form heat and subsequently cure the liner.

Cathodic protection: Preventing corrosion of a pipeline by using special
cathodes (and anodes) to circumvent corrosive damage by electric
current. Also a function of zinc coatings on iron and steel drainage
products is galvanic action.
Caulking: General term which, in trenchless technology, refers to
methods by which joints may be closed within a pipeline.
Cave-in: The separation of a mass of soil or rock material from the side
of an excavation, or the loss of soil from under a trench shield or support
system, and its sudden movement into the excavation, either by falling or
sliding, in sufficient quantity so that it could entrap, bury, or otherwise
injure and immobilize a person.
CCTV: See closed-circuit television inspection.
Cell classification: Method of identifying plastic materials, such as
polyethylene, as specified by ASTM D3350, where the cell classification