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Chapter 5 Database Processing
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active revieW

Use this Active Review to verify that you understand the ideas an example of three maximum cardinalities and two minimum
and concepts that answer the chapter’s study questions. cardinalities. Explain the notation in Figures 5-21 and 5-22.

Q5-1 What is the purpose of a database? Q5-6 How is a data model transformed
into a database design?
State the purpose of a database. Explain the circumstances in
which a database is preferred to a spreadsheet. Describe the key Name the three components of a database design. Define normal-
difference between Figures 5-1 and 5-2. ization and explain why it is important. Define data integrity problem
and describe its consequences. Give an example of a table with data
Q5-2 What is a database? integrity problems and show how it can be normalized into two or

Define the term database. Explain the hierarchy of data and name more tables that do not have such problems. Describe two steps
three elements of a database. Define metadata. Using the example in transforming a data model into a database design. Using an
of Student and Office_Visit tables, show how relationships among example not in this chapter, show how 1:N and N:M relationships
rows are represented in a database. Define the terms primary key, are represented in a relational database. Describe the users’ role in
foreign key, and relational database. the database development. Explain why it is easier and cheaper to
change a data model than to change an existing database. Use the
Q5-3 What is a database management examples of Figures 5-26c and 5-27c in your answer.
system (DBMS)? Q5-7 How can Falcon Security benefit

Explain the acronym DBMS and name its functions. List five from a database system?
popular DBMS products. Explain the difference between Summarize the two database architectures that Falcon could
a DBMS and a database. Summarize the functions of a use for its video database. Describe the architecture it used and
DBMS. Define SQL. Describe the major functions of database explain the rationale for that choice.
administration.
Q5-8 2026?
Q5-4 How do database applications
make databases more useful? Explain how an increase in database data in the next decade will
affect business intelligence and security. Summarize two major
Explain why database tables, by themselves, are not very useful requirements that some Internet database applications created.
to buiness users. Name the four elements of a database appli- Explain the characteristics of the ACID processing of a trans-
cation and describe the purpose of each. Explain the difference action. Briefly describe the characteristics of NoSQL, NewSQL,
between a database application and a database application pro- and in-memory DBMS products. Summarize how you should
gram. Describe the nature of traditional database applications. respond to these developments.
Explain why browser-based applications are better than tra-
ditional ones. Name the primary technologies used to support Using your Knowledge
browser-based applications. with Falcon Security

Q5-5 How are data models used for You can readily understand why the knowledge of this chapter
database development? would be useful to you if you have a job like Toshio or Cam. But
what if you are Mateo (the CEO) or Joni (the CFO)? The knowledge
Explain why user involvement is critical during database develop- in this chapter will prepare you to make better decisions like the one
ment. Describe the function of a data model. Sketch the database that Mateo made in Q5-7. It will also help Joni understand the level
development process. Define E-R model, entity, relationship, attribute, of budget required to fund this project. Even if you never create a
and identifier. Give an example, other than one in this text, of an E-R single query during your career, you will make many decisions that
diagram. Define maximum cardinality and minimum cardinality. Give involve the use, creation, and maintenance of databases.