Page 28 - Wastewater Solids Incineration Systems

List of Tables

Table Page
3.1 Emission threshold levels for major sources and major modifications . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4.1 Typical proximate analysis of digested biosolids. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
4.2 Typical ultimate analysis of digested biosolids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
4.3 Typical elemental analysis of ash in digested biosolids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
4.4 Average F-factors (F ) for selected fuels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
d
5.1 Oxidation reactions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
5.2 Fundamental parameters of design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
5.3 Typical sand particle size distribution analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
6.1 Typical composition of wet flue gas (volume basis) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
7.1 Metal control efficiencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
7.2 Effectiveness of acid gas control systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
7.3 Typical emissions from a fluid bed incinerator with current APC system. . . . . . . . . 172
8.1 Results of an ash survey conducted by the Northeast Ohio Regional
Sewer District. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
8.2 Results of a TLCP test on MHF ash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
9.1 Process control measuring and monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
9.2 A summary of regulatory requirements for incinerators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
9.3 Additional references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
9.4 A summary of applicable regulatory and voluntary codes and standards . . . . . . . . 210
10.1 Typical steps before warming up an MHF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
10.2 Typical data collection spreadsheet for MHFs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
10.3 Typical fluid bed incinerator operating problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
10.4 A sample logsheet for fluidized bed incinerator operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
11.1 Items for inspection of fluid bed incinerators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
A.1 Common secondary quantities in mechanical systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
A.2 Abbreviations and atomic weights of common elements in combustion . . . . . . . . . 280
A.3 Molecular weights of common diatomic gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
A.4 Nominal molecular weights of common compounds in combustion . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
A.5 Normal composition of dry outdoor air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283
A.6 Properties of moist air at standard atmospheric pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
A.7 Composition of typical commercial fuels and combustible compounds . . . . . . . . . . 284
A.8 Composition of typical commercial fuel oils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
A.9 Combustion of carbon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286
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