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hemisphere


     285   by   crust.   of   to   been   the   past.   by   origin.   secu-   of   In   period   to   magnetic   such   exactly   force   mag-   devi-   ms.  sen.”
         induced   the   sources   hot   have   rocks,   the   caused   has   direction   year.  The   years.   (“magnetic   used   with   of   south   they   9.3b).   northern  (defined  originally  as  “north-
     Field   in   too   are   that   the   in   be   solar   field   per   150   longer   be   can   Earth’s   Earth   poles”)   lines   and   apart;   (Fig.   Magnet   the   in

     Magnetic   bodies   deepest   rocks   rocks   of   ages   of  continents   to  thought   of  external,   magnetic   the   that   0.2°   to   last   the   and   variations   axis,   model   produces   north   180°   poles   magnetic  pole


     Earth’s   applications.  Anomalies   magnetized   the   to  depth   which  below   of  Studies   the   to   clues   positions   origin,   is   2%   the   fixed,   show  1600’s   up   rates   at   in   $%   about   yearly,  seasonal,   sporadic   rotational   a   such   homogeneous   (“geomagnetic   however,   actual   not   are  vertical)   geographic   the   ..   soem  it.  ~  ~.   ne   Bar   b)   negative   needle  end  of  compass   a




         important   of  geometry   The  anomalies.   depth   the   Temperature).   give   relative   the   internal   of   is   remaining   the   essentially   the   since   westward   by  decreased   monthly,   also   are   field.   the   Earth’s   from   With   field.   (Fig.  9.2).  A   poles  magnetic   magnetism,   simple dipole. The   is   field   and   io   -   -   NS   sN.   the  bar  magnet,  with   positive



         many   the   to   (Curie   (paleomagnetism)   to   field   core;   is  which   Europe   drifted   also   daily,   in   There   disrupt   10.9°   internal   magnet   south   Earth’s   of  a   the  where   geomagnetic   g   hemisphere.  The   pole.  north
         has   clues   the   of   illustrates   formed.  and   FIELD   magnetic   the   fiéld,   in   gradually   field-has   result   field.   about   Earth’s   bar   of  a   and   of   that   the   oe   oY
         method   give   sources   Depth)   magnetization   magnetized   they   Earth’s   in   metal   Measurements   has   the   factors   magnetic   momentarily   inclined   of   that   to   north   9.3a).   source   from   is,  positions   both   from   s   -   Been   y  a~--   Neen   =,  Seer   is  similar  to  that  of  a   the  southern   the  geographic


         magnetic   field  natural   to  depth   (Curie   which   MAGNETIC   of   liquid   gravitational   field   of  strength   several   the   in   which   Model   dipole,   90%   about   analogous   have   would   (Fig.   complex   considerably   (that   yf   1   \   Fo  7   £7   NA   Lemme   Pao   AS   %,  Sa   Earth   field   toward


         The   the   strong   permanently   at   98%   of   the   variations.   magnetic   Dipolar   magnetic   is   apart   The   vary   poles   considerably   og   %   :   Re   Pease   f   &   a)   Earth’s  magnetic  in  magnetic  pole   roughly
           Earth’s   and   anomalies   retain   latitudes   EARTH’S   About   motions   Unlike   lar   the   overall   addition,   variations   storms”)   A   describe   field   dipole   a   180°   that   netic   ate   een,   shee,   =   _   thus  points

                                                     Axial

                                                                                 “7  —*   -        ~,  Semen   FIGURE  positive  9.2   the
                                                                                  -                           seeking”)
                                                                                   7                        and




           2




                                                                                                    -
                                                                                        oro,
                                                                                                     7
                                                       strength   perpendic-   the   of   mGal   men,   ee”   magnitude  and
                                                           at
                                                               at
                                                       both    983,000        Pee                           both
                                     «                     horizontal   strength                     ae  Ai wimemese   i  Sap) proximately vertical,  with
                                                       in  considerably   directed  nearly   from  nearly   variation   in   equator,   30,000   (~   pasa   Field  Magnetic   -       ‘  {  :  '   se   \   N\   1  1  !   field   ity  ” Tie gravity field   in  shows  strong  variations

                   Interpretation   Magnétis,  stone  of   Gr.   fortis,  strong},  the  cause,  or  agent,   ‘  n.,  the  attracting  or  repelling  force   lines  of force  are  active.   there  is  which   interpres   <   ,   within   the  Earth's  magnetic  field.   varies  surface   acceleration,   is  which   directions  change   poles  9.1).  The   (Fig.   the   at  mGal  978,000   magnetic   field   °   b)   “Sem?   Sie eee”   -   -   sae  ae  Semen”   Z  7   i   tleld   gnet










            Q           magnes   <   OF   <  Magnesia},  4  piece  of iron,  steel,  or  lodestone  that  has  the  property  of   L.   LL.,  that  puts  an  object  at  rest  into  motion  or  alters  the  motion  ofa   which   interpretari   L.   <   Mfr.  negotiator},  to  explain  the  meaning  of:  to  give  one’s  own  (mag  net’ik  in  tur'prata'shan)  nan  explanation  of the  distribution  of magnetic  materials   at  observed  Earth’s   gravitational   field  magnetic   the


           CHAPTER   Magnetic   magnet  (mag  ‘nit)   ny  [<   attracting  iron,  steel,  ete.  force  (fors)  n[<   <   OFr.   moving  object.   3  magnetic force  (mag  net‘ik  fors)  between  a  magnet  and  a  ferromagnetic  material.   n.,  (OE.  field  (féld)  feld),  a  space  in  magnetic field  (mag  net'ik  féld)  na  region  of space  in  appreciable  magnetic  force.   an   interpret  (in   vt.,(<  tur’prit)   understanding  of  magnetic  interpretation   that  causes  ob








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                                                                                                         9.1  Magnitudes   coven   284
                                                                                                         FIGURE   only  slight   direstion:
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