Page 193 - Encyclopedia Of Terrorism

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170———Hill, Paul (1954– )

Hijackers also took over a plane on Christmas Eve
1999. Terrorists from Kashmir hijacked an Indian
Airlines jet en route from Katmandu to New Delhi and
forced it to fly to Kandahar. The terrorists demanded
the release of their comrades and held the passengers
hostage in a weeklong standoff. They released the
hostage after India agreed to release the jailed fighters.
On September 11, 2001, the history of air hijacking
took an unprecedented violent turn. Terrorists, working
as part of the Al Qaeda network, hijacked four U.S. air-
planes, flying two of them into the World Trade Center
towers in New York City and one into the Pentagon
near Washington, D.C. A fourth plane crashed into a
Dressed in safety gear and armed with a paint gun, a field in Pennsylvania. Thousands were killed aboard
member of a shipboard security team looks into a the airplanes, in the buildings, and on the ground.
passageway during antiterrorism training aboard the
destroyer U.S.S. Ingersoll. Destroyer security teams use See also ABU NIDAL ORGANIZATION; ACHILLE LAURO
these guns to provide realistic training during defense HIJACKING; HEZBOLLAH; LEILA KHALED; PAN AM FLIGHT
force exercises. 73 HIJACKING; POPULAR FRONT FOR THE LIBERATION OF
PALESTINE; TWA FLIGHT 355 HIJACKING; TWA FLIGHT
Source: Defense Visual Information Center.
840 HIJACKING; TWA FLIGHT 847 HIJACKING

Further Reading
A particularly harrowing hijacking took place in
Karachi, Pakistan, on September 5, 1986, after hijack- Jaber, Hala. Hezbollah. New York: Columbia University
ers linked to the Abu Nidal Organization took over Press, 1997.
Kushner, Harvey W. Terrorism in America: A Structured
Pan Am Flight 73. The plane’s crew was alerted and
Approach to Understanding the Terrorist Threat.
slipped out through an emergency exit in the cockpit.
Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas, 1998.
The gunmen, dressed as security personnel, held
Oliverio, Annamarie. The State of Terror / SUNY Series in
the plane on the tarmac for 16 hours, demanding a
Deviance and Social Control. Albany: State University
new crew to fly to Cyprus. When the plane’s auxiliary
of New York Press, 1998.
power stopped working and the lights went dim, the Seale, Patrick. Abu Nidal: A Gun for Hire. London:
hijackers began firing at the passengers. Pakistani Hutchinson, 1992.
security forces soon burst aboard the plane and res- Snyder, Rodney A. Negotiating With Terrorists: TWA Flight
cued the hostages; 22 people died in the incident. 847. Pew Case Studies in International Affairs Case 333.
On March 27, 1991, four Pakistani hijackers cap- Pittsburgh, PA: Pew Charitable Trusts, 1994.
tured a Singapore Air flight en route from Malaysia
to Singapore. The hijackers demanded the release of
Asif Ali Zardani, ex-Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto’s HILL, PAUL (1954– )
husband. After nine hours, Singapore security forces
rushed onto the plane and shot the hijackers to death.
No passengers or crew were killed in the incident. In 1994, Paul Jennings Hill, a former Presbyterian
A former adviser to Bhutto’s government was later minister, became the first antiabortion terrorist to be
arrested and accused of masterminding the hijacking. sentenced to death for the murder of an abortion
On Christmas Eve 1994, terrorists from the provider. Hill was also the first person to be tried under
Algerian group Armed Islamic Group (GIA) captured the federal Freedom of Access to Clinic Entrances law,
an Air France plane at the Algiers airport and flew it which was passed by Congress after the first murder
to Marseilles. The GIA terrorists killed three passen- of an abortion provider by Michael Griffin in March
gers before French security forces stormed the jet- 1993.
liner. The commandos burst into the cockpit and killed Hill first embraced the antiabortion movement after
the hijackers. graduating from the Reformed Theological Seminary