Page 266 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

250 4 Life Cycle Impact Assessment

Table 4.11 POCP (kg of ethene equivalents per kg) of some substances after CML Udo de
Haes (1996), update: www.leidenuniv.nl/cml/ssp/databases/cmlia/ index.html, Derwent, Jenkin
and Saunders (1996), Derwent et al. (1998), Wright et al. (1997) and Labouze et al. (2004).
Substance class Emission (formula) CML Derwent Labouze
et al. a et al.

Alkanes Methane (CH ) 0.007 0.034 —
4
Ethane (C H ) 0.082 0.14 0.021
2 6
Propane (C H ) 0.42 0.41 —
8
3
n-Butane (C H ) 0.41 0.60 —
4 10
n-Pentane (C H ) 0.41 0.62 —
12
5
n-Hexane (C H ) 0.42 0.65 —
6 14
Cyclohexane (C H ) — 0.60 —
12
6
n-Heptane (C H ) 0.53 0.77 —
7 16
Average 0.40 (n = 23) 0.60 (n = 25) 0.1
Olefins (alkenes) Ethene (C H ) 1 1 1
2 4
Propene (C H ) 1.03 1.08 —
6
3
1-Butene (C H ) 0.96 1.13 —
8
4
Isoprene (C H ) — 1.18 0.23
5 8
Styrene (C H C H ) — 0.077 —
3
5 2
6
Average 0.91 (n = 10) 0.91 (n = 12) 0.67
Alkines Acetylene (C H ) 0.17 0.28 —
2
2
Aromatics Benzene (C H ) 0.19 0.33 —
6 6
Toluene (C H CH ) 0.56 0.77 —
5
3
6
o-Xylene (C H (CH ) ) 0.67 0.83 —
6 4 3 2
m-Xylene 1.0 1.09 —
p-Xylene 0.89 0.95 —
Ethylbenzene (C H (C H )) 0.60 0.81 —
5
2
6
5
Average 0.76 (n = 14) 0.96 (n = 16) 0.44
Hydrocarbons Average 0.38 — —
Non-methane Average 0.42 — —
HC
Alcohols Methanol (CH OH) 0.12 0.21 —
3
Ethanol (C H OH) 0.27 0.45 —
2 5
Isopropyl alcohol (C H OH) — 0.22 —
7
3
Ethylene glycol (CH OHCH OH) — 0.2 —
2 2
Average 0.196 0.44 (n = 9) —
Aldehydes Acetaldehyde (CH CHO) 0.53 0.65 —
3
Formaldehyde (HCHO) 0.42 0.55 0.41
Average 0.443 0.75 (n = 6) 0.063
Ketones Acetone (CH COCH ) 0.18 0.18 —
3
3
Average 0.326 0.52 (n = 4) 0.067
Organic acids Acetic acid (CH COOH) — 0.16 —
3