Page 150 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

Biological Approach for Removal of Pharmaceutical Pollutants 131

filtration with biological treatment. The system replaces conventional treatment and
combines clarification, aeration, and filtration into a simple and cost-effective pro-
cess that reduces capital and operating costs. MBR has several advantages compared
with other methodologies:

• Produces reliable, high-quality effluent at all times
• Handles shock loads
• Reduces chemical costs of treatment

7.5.2.1.2 Anaerobic Treatment
Anaerobic hybrid reactors, which are a combination of suspended development and
joined development systems, have recently attracted much attention. In contrast to
oxygen-consuming treatment, anaerobic treatment of high-concentration natural
wastewater ordinarily has the accompanying advantages: high natural stacking; low
drip generation; effortlessly natural slime dewatering; fewer supplements required;
without air circulation, low vitality use; can deliver biogas vitality recuperation; suit-
able for a more extensive range of temperature; long active anaerobic SRT. It has
regularly been used for non-natural wastewater.

7.5.2.1.3 Combination Process
A biological treatment of wastewater that manages the consolidated operation of
chemical and biological oxidation has been demonstrated in some studies. The
impacts of chemical oxidation as a pre- or post-treatment venture in biological oxi-
dation of wastewater have additionally been accounted for. To reduce the arrival of
such pharmaceuticals into the aquatic environment or to totally remove them from
wastewater, the use of propelled wastewater treatment might be required.
Be that as it may, because of the high quality, it is infeasible and uneconomical to
treat this sort of wastewater using a single-stage aerobic biological treatment process.
Rather, a mix of anaerobic and high-impact procedures is favored and has all the ear-
marks of being more successful at removing high-quality natural matter. Anaerobic
and aerobic treatment strategies have both points of interest and disadvantages; the
blending of the two forms together, and the specific favorable circumstances to prog-
ress this, is not receiving sufficient interest. Ordinarily, an anaerobic procedure is
included to reduce high concentrations of natural matter and degrade refractory sub-
stances, followed by a vigorous treatment to oxidize the residual organic matter in
the wastewater (Li et al., 2003).
In the last couple of years, the treatment of wastewaters by a modified activated
sludge process, the sequencing batch reactor (SBR), has gained acknowledgment.
Of interest has been the use of the system to treat wastewaters containing danger-
ous substances. The biomass in the reactors adapted to the wastewater and treated
it effectively. The use of the SBR in the treatment of wastewaters containing toxic
substances suggests that combined procedures may likewise be reasonable for
the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater, which may well contain inhibitory
substances.