Page 109 - 3D Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites
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                                                (a)  with resin



























                                            (b) Resin removed

                Figure 4.18  An  illustrative example of  a  full  3D F%  model  of  a  unit  cell to  a  3D
                orthogonal woven composite material (Tan, 1999)


                To evaluate the overall properties for a 3D woven composite material, six independent
                displacement fields should be applied respectively to the finite element model of the
                unit  cell  using  the  Lagrange  multiplier  method  (see  Tan  et  al.,  2000b).  The  six
                displacement fields yield six independent overall uniform strain fields, e.g.,  E,  = 0.001,
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