Page 36 - Advanced Design Examples of Seismic Retrofit of Structures
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28   Advanced Design Examples of Seismic Retrofit of Structures














              (A)                           (B)













              (C)                            (D)











               (E)                            (F)












               (G)                           (H)
            FIG. 2.13 Examples of in-plane cracks of URM walls. (A) Diagonal cracks in a pier between two
            openings indicating shear dominant behavior. (B) Diagonal cracks in a pier between two openings
            indicating shear dominant behavior. (C) Diagonal cracks at the corners of opening indicating stress
            concentration. (D) Diagonal cracks in a pier between two openings indicating shear dominant behav-
            ior. (E) Horizontal cracks in a pier between two openings indicating flexural dominant behavior.
            (F) Horizontal cracks in a pier between two openings indicating flexural dominant behavior.
            (G) Stepped-diagonal cracks with shear-sliding behavior. (H) Stepped-diagonal cracks with
            shear-sliding behavior.
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