Page 139 - Advanced English Grammar in Use

A l l ( o f ) , t h e w h o l e ( o f ) , b o t h ( o f )
whole
(of),
both
All
(of),
the
(of)
f
o
and all d
All and all
All
use all or all of when we are talking about the total number of things or people in a group,
We
We use all or all of when we are talking about the total number of things or people in a group,
(see also Unit 69):
or the total amount of something
or the total amount of something (see also Unit 69):
(of) my brothers and sisters were at the airport to see me off.
All
• ¢ All (of) my brothers and sisters were at the airport to see me off.
all (of) the time.
The baby seems to cry
• ¢ The baby seems to cry all (of) the time.
negative sentences with all we normally use not all, particularly in a formal style:
To make
To make negative sentences with all we normally use not all, particularly in a formal style:
all the seats were taken, (rather than All the seats were not taken.)
• ¢ Not all the seats were taken. (rather than All the seats were not taken.)
Not
in spoken English we sometimes use all...not. We can also use none (of). But notice
However,
However, in spoken English we sometimes use all...not. We can also use none (of). But notice
all and none (of) have a different meaning. Compare:
that not
that not all and none (of) have a different meaning. Compare:
(= some of them were there) and
• ¢ Not all my cousins were at the wedding. (= some of them were there) and
Not all my cousins were at the wedding.
(= not one of them was there)
• * None of my cousins were at the wedding. (= not one of them was there)
None of my cousins were at the wedding.
also Unit 90):
(see
all
in the following sentences
Notice where we put
Notice where we put all in the following sentences (see also Unit 90):
(rather than We all are going...)
We are all going to Athens during the vacation.
@ We are all going to Athens during the vacation, (rather than We all are going...)
They have all heard the news already. (rather than They all have heard...)
@ They have all heard the news already, (rather than They all have heard...)
(of) their hard work had been of no use.
all hard work...)
(not Their
@ All (of) their hard work had been of no use. (not Their all hard work...)
All
- except in informal spoken
all are...
English)
all confidential files, (not These
@ These are all confidential files, (not These all are... - except in informal spoken English)
These are
I planted all four (of the) trees when I moved into the house.
@ I planted all four (of the) trees when I moved into the house.
modern English we don't use all without a noun to mean 'everyone' or 'everything':
g In In modern English we don't use all without a noun to mean 'everyone' or 'everything':
(not All were waiting...)
• ¢ Everyone was waiting to hear the results, (not All were waiting...)
Everyone was waiting to hear the results.
a
relative clause:
it is followed by
All can mean 'everything' when it is followed by a relative clause:
All can mean 'everything' when
• ¢ [don't agree with all that he said. (= everything that he said)
I don't agree with all that he said. (= everything that he said)
mean 'the
use
all without a noun to
only thing':
We can also
We can also use all without a noun to mean 'the only thing’:
All she wants to do is help.
• ¢ All she wants to do is help.
All (of) the and the whole (of)
All (of) the and the whole (of)
singular countable nouns we usually use the whole (of) rather than all (of) the:
Before singular countable nouns we usually use the whole (of) rather than all (of) the:
Before
for the whole concert, (rather than ....all (of) the concert.)
g • * They weren't able to stay for the whole concert. (rather than ....all (of) the concert.)
They weren't able to stay
(rather than All
(of) the field was flooded.)
The whole of the field was flooded.
• ¢ The whole of the field was flooded, (rather than All (of) the field was flooded.)
all (of) the is sometimes used in this way.
However, in informal speech
However, in informal speech all (of) the is sometimes used in this way.
all (of) or whole, but they have different meanings. Compare:
Before plural nouns we can use all (of) or whole, but they have different meanings. Compare:
Before plural nouns we can use
(of the) towns had their electricity cut off. (= every town in an area) and
All
• ¢ All (of the) towns had their electricity cut off. (= every town in an area) and
left without electricity. (= some towns were completely
• ¢ After the storm, whole towns were left without electricity. (= some towns were completely
After the storm, whole towns were
affected) (of) when we want to talk about two things together. Both in B: and all (of) are used
affected)
Both (of) and all (of)
I Everyone : in (of) the houses have now been sold. andbal last year. neither (of):
Both (of) and all (of)
(of)
use both
We use both (of) when we want to talk about two things together. Both (of) and all (of) are used
We
Compare the
same places in
following with sentences
sentences.
in the same places in sentences. Compare the following with sentences in B:
in the
Both (of) the houses have now been sold.
Both
• ¢
(or Are you both) going to the conference?
• +
Are both of you
@
Are both of you (or Are you both) going to the conference?
I went on holiday with both of them (or ...with them both...) last year.
[went on holiday with both of them (or ...with them both...)
• ¢
finished...)
(rather than They both have
They have both finished their dinner.
• *
They have both finished their dinner, (rather than They both have finished...)
(of).
usually make
use
Instead we can
negative sentences with both
We don't usually make negative sentences with both (of). Instead we can use neither (of):
We don't
(rather than Both of them didn't know the answer.)
• ¢
Neither of them knew the answer, (rather than Both of them didn't know the answer.)
Neither of them knew the answer.
is
(of)
informal
sometimes used in this way.
speech both
However, in informal speech both (of) is sometimes used in this way.
However,
every = All (of)
All
t
and
Everyone = IES] Aaal eggs All © aal
boh (of): s