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Appendix 3
                                                                                       Appendix3





           bare        past   simple  past   participle  bare    past   simple  past   participle
                                                     bare
                                                                 past simple
                                   past participle
                                                                             past participle
           bare
                       past simple
                                                                                  form)
          infinitive               (-ed form)        infinitive              (-ed form)
                                       form)
           infinitive
                                                                              (-ed
                                   (-ed
                                                     infinitive
                                                     spread
          say          said        said              ‘spread     spread      spread
                                                                 spread
                                                                             spread
                       said.
                                   said
           say
          see
                                                                             sprung
                                   seen
         i i  see      saw-        seen              spring      sprang      sprung
                                                     spring
                                                                 sprang
                       saw-
          seek         sought      sought            stand       stood       stood
                                                                 stood
           seek
                                                     stand
                                                                             stood
                       sought
                                   sought
          sell         sold        sold              steal       stole       stolen
                       sold
           sell
                                   sold
                                                                 stole
                                                     steal
                                                                             stolen
          send         sent        sent              stick       stuck       stuck
                                                                 stuck
           send
                                                                             stuck
                       sent
                                                     stick
                                   sent
          set          set         set               sting       stung       stung
                                                                             stung
                                                     sting
                                                                 stung
                                   set
           set
                       set
                                                                             stunk
          sew 2        sewed       sewn              stink       stank      _  stunk
                                                                 stank
                       sewed
                                                     stink |
                                   sewn
           sew
          shake        shook       shaken            strike      struck      struck
           shake
                                                                 struck
                       shook
                                                                             struck
                                   shaken
                                                     strike
          shear 2      sheared     shorn             strive      strove      striven
          shear”
                                                                             striven
                                                     strive
                                                                 strove
                       sheared:
                                   shorn
          shed         shed        shed              swear       swore       sworn
                                   shed
           shed
                                                     swear
                                                                             sworn
                       shed
                                                                 swore
          shine        shone       shone             sweep       swept       swept
                                                     sweep
          shine
                       shone
                                   shone
                                                                 swept
                                                                             swept
          shoot        shot        shot              swell 2     swelled     swollen
                       shot
                                   shot
          shoot
                                                     swell?
                                                                 swelled
                                                                             swollen
          show         showed      shown             swim        swim        swum
          show
                                                                             swum
                                                                 swim
                       showed
                                   shown
                                                     swim
          shrink       shrank      shrunk            swing       swung       swung
                       shrank
          shrink
                                                                 swung
                                                                             swung
                                                     swing
                                   shrunk
                                                                 took
          shut         shut        shut              take       -  took      taken
                                                     take
                                                                             taken
                       shut
                                   shut
          shut
                                                     teach
                       sang
          sing         sank        sung             ‘tear:       taught      taught
                                                     teach
          sing
                                                                             taught
                                                                 taught
                                   sung
                       sang
          sink
                                                                             torn
                                                                 tore
                                                     tear
                                   sunk
          speed     sleep 2  1 1  slept  slept      -  think    -  understood   thought
                                   sunk
                                                                 tore
          sink
                       sank
                                                                             torn
                                                                 told
                                                     tell
                                                                             told
                       sat
                                   sat
                       sat
                                                     tell
          sit sit
                                   sat
                                                                 told
                                                                             told
                                                                 thought
                                                                 thought
                       slept
                                   slept
                                                     think -
          sleep
                                                                             thought
                                                     throw
                                                                 threw
                                   slid
                                                                             thrown
                       slid
          slide
                                   slid
                                                     throw
                                                                             thrown
                       slid
          slide
                                                                 threw
          sling
                       slung
                                                     thrust
                                                                 thrust
                                   slung
                                                                             thrust
                       slung
                                   slung
                                                     thrust
                                                                 thrust
          sling
                                                                             thrust
                       smelt
                                                                             trodden
                                                     tread
          smell
                                   smelt
                                                                 trod
          smell’
                       smelt
                                                     tread
                                                                 trod
                                                                             trodden
                                   smelt
          sow
                                                     understand
                       sowed
                                   sown
                                                                             understood
          sow?
                       sowed
                                                                 understood °
                                                     understand
                                   sown
                                                                             understood
                       spoke
          speak
                                                     wake'
                                                                             woken
                                   spoken
                                                                 woke
                                                                 woke
          speak
                                                     wake'
                       spoke
                                   spoken
                                                                             woken
         1
                                                     wear
                       sped
                                                                             worn
                                                                 wore
                                   sped
                                   sped
          speed!
                                                                             worn
                       sped
                                                     wear
                                                                 wore
              1
                                                          2
                                                     weave
          spell
                       spelt
                                                                 wove
                                   spelt
                                                                             woven
                                                                 wove
                                                                             woven
                       spelt
                                                     weave’
                                   spelt
          spell!
                                   spent
                                                     weep
          spend
                       spent
                                                                 wept
                                                                             wept
                                                     weep
          spend
                                   spent
                       spent
                                                                 wept
                                                                             wept
                       spun/span
          spin
                                   spun
                                                     wet'
                                                                 wet
                                                                             wet
                                   spun
                       spun/span
          spin
                                                     wet'
                                                                             wet
                                                                 wet
              1
                                                     win
          spill
                                                                             won
                                   spilt
                                                                 won
                       spilt
          spill’
                       spilt
                                   spilt
                                                                             won
                                                     win
                                                                 won
          spit
                       spit/spat
                                                                             wound
                                                                 wound
                                                     wind
                                   spit/spat
                       spit/spat
                                                                 wound
                                                     wind
          spit
                                   spit/spat
                                                                             wound
                                                                             wrung
                                                     wring
                       split
                                                                 wrung
          split
                                   split
          split
                                                                 wrung
                                                     wring
                       split
                                                                             wrung
                                   split
              1
                                   spoilt
          spoil
                       spoilt
                                                                             written
                                                     write
                                                                 wrote
          spoil’
                                   spoilt
                       spoilt
                                                                 wrote
                                                                             written
                                                     write

                                                                          ones given and
                                                            forms,
                                                                  both the
                verbs have two past simple and two past participle
         =   These verbs  have  two  past  simple  and  two  past  participle  forms,  both  the  ones  given  and
           These
         regular forms  (e.g.  burn;  burnt/burned;  burnt/burned).
         regular   forms  (e.g.  burn;  burnt/burned;  burnt/burned).
         2
           These verbs  have  two  past  participle  forms,  the  one  given  and  a  regular  form  (e.g.  mow;
         2  These   verbs  have two past participle  forms,  the  one  given  and  a  regular  form  (e.g.  mow;
         mowed; mown/mowed).
         mowed;   mown/mowed).
         3
         3  'dove'   in American English.
           'dove' in  American  English.
         4
           When lie  means  ‘deliberately  to  say  something  untrue'  it  is  regular  (‘lie/lied/lied’).
         4  When   lie means  'deliberately to  say  something untrue'  it is regular  ('lie/lied/lied'}.
         5
          Pronounced /red/.
         5  Pronounced  /red/.
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