Page 257 - Advanced English Grammar in Use

Appendix 4
Appendix4
UNIT 15 15
UNIT
The army needs to change its image if more women will be recruited. X
1 1 The army needs to change its image if more women will be recruited. X
army needs to change its image if more women are to be recruited. ^
@ The
*" The army needs to change its image if more women are to be recruited. W
a
lift - he
for
There's no
point asking John
will
X
leave
by now.
2 2 There's no point asking John for a lift - he will leave by now. X
left
no
by
•
now.
There's
he
for
lift -
a
asking John
point
will
have
*" @ There's no point asking John for a lift - he will have left by now. W
UNIT 16 16
UNIT
The last time I met John, he's getting on a train to go to Brussels. X
1 1 The last time I met John, he's getting on a train to go to Brussels. X
•
Brussels.
I met John,
a train to go to
last time
he was getting on
® The
••" The last time I met John, he was getting on a train to go to Brussels. W
years
James was
only
have
sold
that the painting
discovered
he
for
to
had
afterwards
2 2 James was only to have discovered years afterwards that the painting he had sold for
few dollars was actually worth thousands. X
a a few dollars was actually worth thousands. X
discover years
sold
afterwards
painting
to
a
only
he
for
that the
few
had
@ James was
'•" James was only to discover years afterwards that the painting he had sold for a few
dollars was actually worth thousands. W
dollars was actually worth thousands. V'
UNIT 17
UNIT 17
better to
leave now
X
if you want to catch the
last bus.
1 1 You'd better to leave now if you want to catch the last bus. X
You'd
('had
fd)
last
followed
better
is
better'
leave now if you want to catch the
•
bus.
# You'd
*• You'd better leave now if you want to catch the last bus. & (‘had (’d} better' is followed
infinitive, without 'to')
a
bare
by
by a bare infinitive, without 'to')
holiday to the Bahamas,
lots
on
of money.
afford
have
X
to go
he
should
IfTom can
2 2 If Tom can afford to go on holiday to the Bahamas, he should have lots of money. X
Bahamas,
afford to go
lots
on
of money.
f'
he
the
holiday to
must have
** If Tom can afford to go on holiday to the Bahamas, he must have lots of money. W
@ If Tom can
UNIT 18 18
UNIT
1 1 I'm sure you will already hear the President's announcement. X
I'm sure you will already hear the President's announcement. X
heard
announcement.
already
^
I'm
have
will
you
President's
the
sure
'•" I'm sure you will already have heard the President's announcement. W
@
see the film, but from what I've read I'm sure I wouldn't enjoy it. X
I didn't actually
2 2 I didn't actually see the film, but from what I've read I'm sure I wouldn't enjoy it. X
from what I've
read
I'm
sure
I wouldn't have
the film, but
see
I didn't actually
<•" J didn't actually see the film, but from what I've read I'm sure I wouldn't have
@
it.
enjoyed it. ^ W
enjoyed
UNIT 19
UNIT 19
a cat,
but one day it just disappeared.
X
We would have
1 1 We would have a cat, but one day it just disappeared. X
used
cat,
We
but one day
to
have
it just disappeared.
a
^
@
<*" We used to have a cat, but one day it just disappeared. Y
X
Before I went to
university,
for about five years.
to work as
I used
a carpenter
2 2 Before I went to university, I used to work as a carpenter for about five years. X
university,
Before
I worked as
I went to
for about five years.
»/
a carpenter
•" © Before I went to university, I worked as a carpenter for about five years. W
UNIT 20
UNIT 20
before
rationing
much longer,
be water
of the
end
the
there
can
goes
on
1 1 If the drought goes on much longer, there can be water rationing before the end of the
Ifthe drought
X
month.
month. X
If the drought goes
may/might/could
longer, there
on much
before the
be water rationing
@
<*" Ifthe drought goes on much longer, there may/might/could be water rationing before the
if 'may'
that the
certain than
or
^
less
suggests
is
('could'
of the month.
speaker
end of the month. v (‘could' suggests that the speaker is less certain than if 'may' or
end
used)
are
'might' are used)
‘might'
far south?
X
it snow this
May
2 2 May it snow this far south? X
far
south?
it snow
snow)
(or Is
this
Could
likely to
^
it
*" ” Could it snow (or Is it likely to snow) this far south? W
UNIT 21
UNIT 21
influenced
X
have
parents can
her decision to resign.
1 1 Her parents can have influenced her decision to resign. X
Her
^
have
decision
resign.
to
Her parents
influenced
may/might/could
her
•" Her parents may/might/could have influenced her decision to resign. W
office
all day.
You may have come to
I was
in
my
at any time.
X
me
see
2 2 Iwas in my office all day. You may have come to see me at any time. X
«•* I was in my office all day. You could/might have come to see me at any time. W
@ | was in my office all day. You could/might have come to see me at any time. ^
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