Page 274 - Advanced English Grammar in Use

G l o s s a r y

active speaking; adverbs of indefinite
In an active clause or active sentence, frequency (e.g. always, never);
the grammatical subject is the person degree adverbs (e.g. completely,
or thing that performs the action quite) which give information about
given in the verb (e.g. Geoff wrote the extent or degree of something;
the book). Compare PASSIVE. focus adverbs (e.g. just, even) which
we use to focus on a particular word
adjective
or phrase.
A word that describes a noun (e.g. an
interesting book) or a pronoun (e.g. a adverbial clause
big one). Gradable adjectives can be A type of SUBORDINATE CLAUSE that
used to say that a person or thing has says when, how, where, etc.
more or less of this quality (e.g. She's something happens (e.g. Before I
very happy), while ungradable went to school this morning, I did
adjectives can't (e.g. It's impossible. my homework).
We can't say '...very impossible').
Classifying adjectives say that adverbial phrase
something is of a particular type (e.g. A group of words that says when,
atomic, initial). Emphasising how, where, etc. something happens
adjectives stress how strongly we feel (e.g. with a great deal of noise, about
about something (e.g. utter a week ago).
nonsense).
affirmative sentence
adjective phrase A statement (i.e. not a question) that
A group of words where the main is positive, not negative.
word is an adjective (e.g. It's
agent
extremely important; It wasn't strong
The person or thing that performs
enough).
the action described in a verb.
adverb Usually it is the subject in an active
A word that describes or gives more clause and comes after 'by...' in a
information (when, how, where, etc.) passive clause.
about a verb (e.g. He ran quickly),
auxiliary verbs
adjective (e.g. an extremely expensive
The verbs be, have and do when they
car), another adverb (e.g. She's doing
are used with a main verb to form
very well), or phrase (e.g. They live
questions, negatives, tenses, passive
just across the road.). Types of
forms, etc. MODAL VERBS are also
adverb include: adverbs of manner
auxiliary verbs.
which we use to say how something
is done (e.g. slowly, violently); clause
connecting adverbs (e.g. A group of words that contains a
consequently, similarly); time verb. A clause may be a complete
adverbs (e.g. tomorrow, already); sentence or a part of a sentence. A
place adverbs (e.g. upstairs, outside); main clause can exist as a separate
comment adverbs (e.g. apparently, sentence, while a subordinate clause
personally) which we use to make a cannot (e.g. If I see Tony at work
comment on what we are saying; (= subordinate clause), I'll invite him
viewpoint adverbs (e.g. financially, over this evening (= main clause)).
politically) which we use to make Types of clause include: since-clause
clear from what point of view we are (e.g. I haven't seen him since we left
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