Page 338 - Advances In Productive, Safe, and Responsible Coal Mining

314 Index

Clean Water Act (CWA), 272–274, 293 geological risk, 40
Closed-loop water management system, 248 hazards, 42
Club culture, 53–54 human error, 41
CMM. See Coal mine methane (CMM) miners, proximity of, 41
Coal bed methane (CBM), 87, 182, 307–308 operations, cessation of, 39–40
Coal combustion residuals (CCRs), qualitative and quantitative
246–247, 250 assessment, 39
Coalification process, 179–180, 180f rock mechanics and rock behavior, 40
Coal interface detection (CID), 173, 176 Coal recovery and production rate, panel
infrared, 174 dimensions
NGR, 173 dual-objective optimization problem, 64
optical/video, 174 production panels, barrier pillars, 63
pick force, 175 R&P mines
radar-based, 174 automated haulers, 64
technology application, Illinois Basin, 175 cutting stock problem (see Cutting stock
vibration-based, 173–174 problem (CSP))
1969 Coal Mine Health and Safety Act, DES model (see Discrete-event
21–22, 24 simulation (DES))
Coal mine methane (CMM), 181 high-voltage continuous miners, 64
emission control improved production practices, 64
AMM emissions, 194 panel width, haulage units, 63–64
auxiliary control measures, 191–192 pillar extraction, 63
degasification/drainage system, 182, thermal coal price, 64
187–191, 194–195 Coal refuse, 245–246, 248–249
in longwall mining, 185 Coal seam methane (CSM), 182
ventilation system, 182, 185–187, 191 Coal waste disposal. See Waste disposal
emission models, 183–184 Coarse coal processing waste (CCPW),
emission sources, 180, 183 245–246, 248–249, 251–259
flaring, 194 Coarse-mode aerosols, 200–201
health, safety, and environmental impacts, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), 85–86
181, 194–195 Collapsible drill steel enclosure (CDSE),
industrial uses, 184–185 232–234, 233–234f, 240–241
recovery, 195–196 Communication and tracking system
utilization, 192–193 accuracy, 121
ventilation air methane, 182, 186, 193–195 Example Mine (see Example Mine layout)
Coal Mine Roof Rating (CMRR), 306 measurement of
Coal miners’ pneumoconiosis (CWP), 87–88 in motion, tracking system variations,
Coal mining 147–152
challenge, 311 stationary handset test, tracking system
employment, 304 variations, 141–146
history, 36–38, 303–304 measures of, 121–123
methane emissions, 193–195 (see also Coal MINER Act, 121
mine methane (CMM)) Computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
research and development (see Research, in modeling, 89–90, 90f
coal mining industry) Computer models, 306
risk Confidence distance (CD), 122–123
chemical-physical properties, 40 Consensus risk management
constant change, 40 standards, 42
equipment and tools, 40 Continuous miner (CM), 65