Page 23 - Advances in Textile Biotechnology

xxii Preface

softening and ageing effects). Other less significant enzymes used in textile
applications include laccases (bleaching and over-dyeing effects), pectate
lyases (cotton scouring), proteases (degumming of silk, sand washing of silk,

wool finishing) and enzymes for retting of flax (pectinases, xylanases, hemi-
cellulases).
Advances in textile biotechnology provides an overview of the state of
the art and recent developments in biotechnology for modifi cation, func-

tionalisation and processing of textile fibres and polymers (natural, syn-
thetic, or man-made). Advances in textile biotechnology consists of two
parts: Part I addresses Technologies involved in textile biotechnology,

and Part II focuses on Modification of particular fibres through the use of
biotechnology.
In Part I, detailed views are provided on methods, processes and equip-
ment where enzymes can be used in textiles. A range of examples are given
using rational and random mutation techniques as well as fusion protein
approaches for designing engineered enzymes with better properties for
textile end uses. Smart wound dressings used as sensors are described for
identification of high enzyme activities normally associated with infected

open wounds.
In Part II, two comprehensive reviews and updates on the state of the art

in enzyme modification and functionalisation of synthetic fi bres, namely
polyester, polyamide, acrylics and cellulose acetate materials, are presented.
Advantages and limitations are addressed. The state of the art is reviewed
for enzyme modification of wool, silk and cotton fibrous materials as well

as biomimetic approaches to functionalise cellulosic materials. Genetically

modified protein and materials based on plant polymers complement the
range of biotechnologies. The production of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA)
biopolymers including polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and protein polymers
completes the review in this area.
It is believed that this book will promote biotechnology for the modifi ca-
tion, functionalisation and processing of textile fibres in various applica-

tions, and increase understanding and acceptance of biotechnology in
industry and society.
V. A. Nierstrasz
A. Cavaco-Paulo

© Woodhead Publishing Limited, 2010