Page 73 - Advances in Textile Biotechnology

52 Advances in textile biotechnology

1.0
0.8
G ES /G ES,max 0.6

0.4
0.2
0.0
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2
Time (s)
2.13 Model calculations for the adsorption dynamics of enzymes at a
surface according to equation [2.49].

0.06

0.05
0.04
G ES /G ES,max 0.03

0.02
0.01
0.00
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Time (s)
2.14 Model calculations for the adsorption dynamics of enzymes at a
surface according to equation [2.45].

if equation [2.49] is used. After 0.2 s, the adsorption is complete, which is
the case when there is an excess of enzyme molecules in the capillary liquid.
Figure 2.14 shows the results if equation [2.45] is used. In this case there is
an equilibrium after 10 s at which the surface concentration is only 6% of
the value that is theoretically achievable. So it can be concluded that a rapid
refreshment of the capillary liquid during the adsorption is needed to
prevent this undesired situation. This refreshment can be realized by squeez-
ing using the mechanical energy. Therefore, the role of mechanical energy
is to speed up the transfer of enzyme molecules to the pores of the fabrics
and to prevent suboptimal adsorption because of exhaustion of the capillary
liquid.

2.7 The application of ultrasound

It is known that ultrasound can accelerate wet textile processes to a large
extent (Moholkar et al., 2004). This phenomenon is based on the mechanism

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