Page 10 - Air Pollution Control Engineering

Contents

Preface ...........................................................................................................................v
Contributors ................................................................................................................xi

1 Air Quality and Pollution Control
Lawrence K. Wang, Jerry R. Taricska, Yung-Tse Hung,
and Kathleen Hung Li ................................................................................. 1
1. Introduction ............................................................................................................ 1
2. Characteristics of Air Pollutants .........................................................................3
3. Standards................................................................................................................. 6
3.1. Ambient Air Quality Standards.................................................................. 6
3.2. Emission Standards ....................................................................................... 8
4. Sources ...................................................................................................................10
5. Effects .....................................................................................................................10
6. Measurements ......................................................................................................13
6.1. Ambient Sampling ......................................................................................14
6.2. Source Sampling ..........................................................................................17
6.3. Sample Locations.........................................................................................18
6.4. Gas Flow Rates .............................................................................................19
6.5. Relative Humidity .......................................................................................22
6.6. Sample Train ................................................................................................24
6.7. Determination of Size Distribution ..........................................................27
7. Gas Stream Calculations .....................................................................................28
7.1. General ..........................................................................................................28
7.2. Emission Stream Flow Rate and Temperature Calculations ...............29
7.3. Moisture Content, Dew Point Content,
and Sulfur Trioxide Calculations .............................................................30
7.4. Particulate Matter Loading ........................................................................32
7.5. Heat Content Calculations .........................................................................33
7.6. Dilution Air Calculations ...........................................................................33
8. Gas Stream Conditioning ...................................................................................35
8.1. General ..........................................................................................................35
8.2. Mechanical Collectors.................................................................................35
8.3. Gas Coolers ...................................................................................................36
8.4. Gas Preheaters..............................................................................................36
9. Air Quality Management ...................................................................................37
9.1. Recent Focus .................................................................................................37
9.2. Ozone .............................................................................................................38
9.3. Air Toxics ......................................................................................................42
9.4. Greenhouse Gases Reduction and Industrial Ecology Approach ......43
9.5. Environmental Laws ...................................................................................45
10. Control ...................................................................................................................50
11. Conclusions ...........................................................................................................52

ix