Page 16 - Air Pollution Control Engineering

Contents xv

11 Gas-Phase Biofiltration
Gregory T. Kleinheinz and Phillip C. Wright .........................................421
1. Introduction ........................................................................................................421
2. Types of Biological Air Treatment System....................................................422
2.1. General Descriptions ................................................................................422
2.2. Novel or Emerging Designs ....................................................................424
3. Operational Considerations .............................................................................426
3.1. General Operational Considerations .....................................................426
3.2. Biofilter Media ...........................................................................................428
3.3. Microbiological Considerations ..............................................................430
3.4. Chemical Considerations .........................................................................431
3.5. Comparison to Competing Technologies .............................................433
4. Design Considerations/Parameters ...............................................................433
4.1. Predesign ....................................................................................................433
4.2. Packing ........................................................................................................435
5. Case Studies ........................................................................................................435
5.1. High-Concentration 2-Propanol and Acetone .....................................435
5.2. General Odor Control at a Municipal
Wastewater-Treatment Facility...............................................................436
6. Process Control and Monitoring .....................................................................440
7. Limitations of the Technology.........................................................................440
8. Conclusions .........................................................................................................441
Nomenclature .....................................................................................................443
References ...........................................................................................................444

12 Emerging Air Pollution Control Technologies
Lawrence K. Wang, Jerry R. Taricska, Yung-Tse Hung,
and Kathleen Hung Li .............................................................................445

1. Introduction ........................................................................................................445
2. Process Modification .........................................................................................446
3. Vehicle Air Pollution and Its Control ............................................................446
3.1. Background.................................................................................................446
3.2. Standards ....................................................................................................447
3.3. Sources of Loss ...........................................................................................447
3.4. Control Technologies and Alternate Power Plants .............................448
4. Mechanical Particulate Collectors...................................................................453
4.1. General ........................................................................................................453
4.2. Gravitational Collectors ...........................................................................454
4.3. Other Methods ...........................................................................................455
4.4. Use of Chemicals .......................................................................................465
4.5. Simultaneous Particle–Gas Removal Interactions ...............................465
5. Entrainment Separation ....................................................................................466
6. Internal Combustion Engines ..........................................................................467
6.1. Process Description ...................................................................................467
6.2. Applications to Air Emission Control ...................................................469
7. Membrane Process .............................................................................................471
7.1. Process Description ...................................................................................471
7.2. Application to Air Emission Control .....................................................474