Page 45 - Algae

28 Algae: Anatomy, Biochemistry, and Biotechnology

FIGURE 1.41 Unicell of Pyramimonas longicauda.

(Figure 1.44). Klebsormidiophyceae have coccoid and branched or unbranched filamentous forms
(Figure 1.45). Charophyceae have macroscopic thalli, which exhibit the characteristic of both the
filamentous and syphonous levels of organization (Figure 1.46). Dasycladophyceae have sypho-
nous thalli in many species encrusted with calcium carbonate (Figure 1.47). Chlorophytes show
a wide diversity in the number and arrangements of flagella associated with individual cells (one
or up to eight in the apical or subapical region). Flagellated cells are isokont, which means the fla-
gella are similar in structure, but could differ in length. These algae are ubiquitous in freshwater,
marine, and terrestrial habitats. Chlorophyta possess chlorophylls a and b, b- and g-carotene,
and several xanthophylls as accessory pigments. Chloroplasts are surrounded by a two-membrane
envelope without any endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Within the chloroplasts, thylakoids are

FIGURE 1.42 Filament of Oedogonium sp., with a Peranema sp. cell. (Bar: 20 mm.)