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32 Analysis and Design of Energy Geostructures
Figure 2.4 Examples of pipe configurations for energy piles: (A) U-shaped pipe, (B) bent U-shaped
pipe, (C) parallel double U-shaped pipe, (D) series double U-shaped pipe, (E) multi U-shaped pipe, (F)
indirect double pipe, (G) W-shaped pipe, (H) spiral (or helix) pipe and (I) coaxial pipe configurations.
Fadejev, J., Simson, R., Kurnitski, J., Haghighat, F., 2017. A review on energy piles design, sizing and
modelling. Energy 122, 390 407.
