Page 16 - Anthropometry, Apparel Sizing and Design

New directions in the field of anthropometry, sizing and clothing fit 11

Fig. 1.4 Key body postures (A–C) of a motorcycle rider.

Motion data for a body can be captured by scanning the body in two ways:
(a) By using a 3-D scanner to scan the body in static poses typical for a particular activity.
These measurements are called as functional measures.
(b) By using a 3-D motion scanner to capture the measurements during movement. These are
called as dynamic measures.
Steps involved in capturing static measures in animated mode include (a) identifying
work-related postures and motion sequences, (b) capturing each posture one step at a
time, (c) measuring the body in movement poses, and (d) developing a motion-related
sizing system (Loercher et al., 2018). Fig. 1.4 shows the typical poses identified for a
motorcycle rider for capturing the functional measures in static mode. There are sev-
eral limitations of this method since it requires the subject to hold each pose for a few
seconds. Holding a static pose does not simulate true movement; reproducibility of
such measurements is poor as it may not be possible for all subjects to hold a position
to the required extent; positions may vary from person to person; props may be
required to hold the pose that leads to shadowing of body areas.
True motion (4-D) anthropometry is carried out with the help of 3-D motion scan-
ners, also known as 4-D scanners, which measure the body while it is in motion.
Motion scanners are now available in companies such as 3dMD, ViALUX, and
SinfoMed. They scan the moving body and automatically generate a continuous
3-D polygon surface mesh from all synchronized stereo pairs (http://www.3dmd.
com/). These systems require a large number of sensors and are therefore sensitive
and expensive at the moment. As technology advances, cost will come down. They