Page 78 - 05. Subyek Teknik Mesin - Automobile Mechanical and Electrical Systems Automotive Technology Vehicle Maintenance and Repair (Vehicle Maintenance Repr Nv2) by Tom Denton

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Table 1.26 Joining methods

Joining method Examples of uses Notes
Pins, dowels and keys Clutch pressure plate to Used for strength and alignment in conjunction with
the fl ywheel nuts or bolts in most cases

Riveting Some brake shoe linings Involves metal pegs which are deformed to make the
joint. Figure 1.89 shows some pop rivets, which are a
popular repair component
Compression fi tting Wheel bearings Often also called an interference fi t. The part to be
fi tted is slightly too large or small, as appropriate, and
therefore pressure has to be used to make the part fi t
Shrinking Flywheel ring gear The ring gear is heated to make it expand and then
fi tted in position. As it cools it contracts and holds
fi rmly in place
Adhesives Body panels and sound Adhesive or glue is very popular as it is often cheap,
deadening quick, easy to apply and waterproof. Also, when
two items are bonded together the whole structure
becomes stronger
Nuts, screws, washers Just about everything! Metric sizes are now most common but many other
and bolts sizes and thread patterns are available. This is a very
convenient and strong fi xing method. Figure 1.88
shows how varied the different types are
Welding Exhaust pipes and boxes There are several methods of welding, oxyacetylene
and MIG being the most common. The principle is
simple, in that the parts to be joined are melted so
they mix together and then set in position
Brazing Some body panels Brazing involves using high temperatures to melt brass
which forms the join between two metal components
Soldering Electrical connections Solder is made from lead and tin. It is melted with an
electric iron to make it fl ow into the joint

Clips, clamps and ties Hoses, cables, etc. Hose clips, for example, are designed to secure a
hose to, say, the radiator and prevent it leaking

some typical joining methods which include the use of gaskets in some cases.
Examples of use and useful notes are also given in the table. Defi nition

Methods of joining are described as permanent or non-permanent. The best Joining methods
example of permanent joining is any form of welding. An example of non- Methods of joining are described as
permanent would be nuts and bolts. In simple terms, the permanent methods permanent or non-permanent.
would mean that some damage would occur if the joint had to be undone.

1.6.8 Nuts and bolts

The nut and bolt is by far the most common method of joining two components
together. Figure 1.90 shows some common nuts and bolts. The head of the bolt
is usually a hexagon, but an Allen socket or a Torx® drive or a number of other
designs can be used. Smaller bolts can have a screwdriver type head such as a
slot, cross, Phillips, Pozidriv or some other design.
The material used to make a nut or bolt depends on the application. For
example, sump bolts will be basic mild steel, whereas long through bolts on