Page 127 - Basic English Usage
P. 127

127                             173-174


                After  in  case,  we  use  a  present  tense  with  a  future  meaning.
                     _  incase  itrains.  (NOT  ...  iteaseitwittrain-)
                We  can  also  use  should  +  infinitive.  In  this  structure,  should  means
                ‘might’.
                  I've  bought  a  chicken  in  case  your  mother  should  stay  to  lunch.
                  |  wrote  down  her  adaress  in  case  |  should  forget  it.
                The  structure  with  should  is  more  common  in  the  past.
                 Don’t  confuse  in  case  and  if.
                ‘\do  Ain  case  B  happens’  =
                ‘|  do  A  first  because  B  might  happen  later.’  A  is  first.
                ‘ldo  A  if  B  happens’  =
                ‘|  do  A  if  B  has  happened  first.’ B  is  first.
                Compare:
                  Let’s  get  a  bottle  of  wine  in  case  Roger  comes.
                  (=  We'll  buy  some  wine  now  because  Roger  might  come  later.)
                   Let’s  buy  a  bottle  of  wine  if  Roger  comes.
                  (=  We'll  wait  and  see.  If  Roger  comes,  then  we'll  buy  the  wine.  If  he
                  doesn't  we  won't.)


          173    in  spite  of

                 In  spite  of  is  a  preposition.

                [  In  spite  of +  noun  |  =  |  although  +  clause |

                   We  went  out  in  spite  of  the  rain.
                  (=  We  went  out  although  it  was  raining.)
                   We  understood  him  in  spite  of  his  accent.
                  (=  We  understood  him  although  he  had  a  strong  accent.)
                 In  spite  ofis  the  opposite  of  because  of.  Compare:
                   He  passed  the  exam  because  of  his  good  teachers.
                   He  passed  the  exam  in  spite  of  his  bad  teachers.


          174    indeed

                We  use  indeed  to  strengthen  very.
                   Thank  you  very  much  indeed.
                   |  was  very  pleased  indeed  to  hear  from  you.
                   He  was  driving  very  fast  indeed.
                We  do  not  usually  use  indeed  after  an  adjective  or  adverb  without  very.
                (NOT He-was-driving fastindeed-)
   122   123   124   125   126   127   128   129   130   131   132