Page 201 - Basic English Usage

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b relative clauses
There's the house (that) | told you about.
You remember the boy | was going out with?
c passive structures
| hate being laughed at.
They took him to hospital yesterday and he’s already
been operated on.
d infinitive structures
It's a boring place to live in.
i need something to write with.

2 In amore forma! style, we can put a preposition before a question-word
or a relative pronoun.
To whom is that letter addressed?
She met a man with whom she had been friendly years before.
On which flight is the general travelling?

258 prepositions and adverb particles

Words like down, in are not always prepositions. Compare:
| ran down the road. He's in his office.
Please sit down. You can go in.
In the expressions down the road and in his office, down and inare
prepositions: they have objects (the road, his office).
In Please sit down and You can go in, down and in have no objects.
They are not prepositions, but adverbs of place, which modify the verbs
sitand go.
Small adverbs like this are usually called ‘adverb particles’ or ‘adverbial
particles’. They include in, out, up, down, on, off, through, past, away,
back, across, over, under. Adverb particles often join together with
verbs to make two-word verbs, sometimes with completely new
meanings. Examples: break down = ‘stop working’; put off = ‘delay’,
‘postpone’; work out = ‘calculate’; give up = ‘stop trying’. For
information about these verbs, see the next section.

259 prepositional verbs and phrasal verbs

Many English verbs have two parts: a ‘base’ verb like bring, come, sit,
break and another smail word like in, down, up.
Could you bring in the coffee?
Come in and sit down.
He broke up a piece of bread and threw the bits to the birds.
The second part of the verb is sometimes a preposition, and sometimes