Page 190 - Battleground The Media Volume 1 and 2

Government Censorsh p and Freedom of Speech | 1

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1. While these words are generally attributed to the French philosopher Francois Voltaire
(1694–1778), there is some debate as to the actual source of the quote. Some suggest that
the phrase was invented by a later author to summarize Voltaire’s views, as expressed in his
“Treatise on Toleration.”
2. Benjamin Franklin, in a letter from the Pennsylvania assembly, dated November 11,
1755, to the governor of Pennsylvania.
3. This quote is generally attributed to U.S. Senator Hiram Johnson (1866–1945), a
staunchly isolationist Republican, who is said to have made this statement as part of a speech
before Congress in 1917.
Further reading: Fish, Stanley. There’s No Such Thing as Free Speech . . . and It’s a Good Thing,
Too. New York: Oxford, 1994; Hargraves, Robert. The First Freedom: A History of Free
Speech. Gloucestershire: Sutton Publishing, 2003; Hentoff, Nat. Freedom of Speech for
Me but Not for Thee: How the American Left and Right Relentlessly Censor Each Other.
New York: HarperCollins, 1992; Levy, Leonard. Emergence of a Free Press. New York:
Oxford University Press, 1985; McChesney, Robert. Corporate Media and the Threat to
Democracy. New York: Seven Stories Press, 1997; Mill, John Stuart. On Liberty. London:
Penguin Classics, 1985; Milton, John. Areopagitica: A Speech of Mr. John Milton for the
Liberty of Unlicensed Printing, to the Parliament of England. London, 1644. Santa Barbara,
CA: Bandanna Books, 1992; Siebert, Fred, Theodore Peterson, and Wilbur Schramm.
Four Theories of the Press. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1956; Tedford, Thomas,
and Dale Herbeck. Freedom of Speech in the United States. State College, PA: Strata
Publishing, 2005; Voltaire, Francois. Treatise on Toleration. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 2000.

Gwenyth Jackaway