Page 107 - Between One and Many The Art and Science of Public Speaking

Notes
1. 20/20. ABC Television, 20 June 1990. Bruskin Associates, “What Are
Americans Afraid Of?” The Bruskin Report 53 (July 1973).
2. J. A. Daly and J. C. McCroskey, eds., Avoiding Communication: Shyness, Reti-
cence and Communication Apprehension (Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage, 1984).

3. Karen K. Dwyer, “The Multidimensional Model: Teaching Students to
Self-Manage High Communication Apprehension by Self-Selecting Treat-
ments,” Communication Education, 49 (2000): 72–81; Lynne Kelly and James
A. Keaton, “Treating Communication Apprehension Anxiety: Implica-
tions of the Communibiological Paradigm,” Communication Education, 49
(2000): 45–57. Research on this chapter’s topic is ongoing; as a result, we
have used multiple sources to support our claims. Some of these sources
represent very early research, but others alert you to more contemporary
research.
4. Michael J. Beatty, James C. McCroskey, and Kristin M. Valencic, The
Biology of Communication: A Communibiological Perspective (Cresskill, NJ:
Hampton Press, 2001).
5. Michael J. Beatty and Kristen Marie Valencic, “Context-Based Apprehen-
sion Versus Planning Demands: A Communibiological Analysis of An-
ticipatory Public Speaking Anxiety,” Communication Education, 49 (2000):
58–71. Ralph R. Behnke and Chris R. Sawyer, “Milestones of Anticipatory
Public Speaking Anxiety,” Communication Education, 48 (1999): 165–71.
6. R. M. Yerkes and J. D. Dodson, “The Relation of Strength Stimulus to Ra-
pidity of Habit Formation,” Journal of Comparative Neurology and Psychology,
18 (1908): 459–82.
7. Amy M. Bippus and John A. Daly, “What Do People Think Causes Stage
Fright? Naïve Attributions About the Reasons for Public Speaking Anxi-
ety,” Communication Education, 48 (1999): 63–72.
8. William J. Fremouw and Michael D. Scott, “Cognitive Restructuring: An
Alternative Method for the Treatment of Communication Apprehension,”
Communication Education, 28 (1979): 129–33; William J. Fremouw and
M. G. Harmatz, “A Helper Model for Behavioral Treatment of Speech
Anxiety,” Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 43 (1975): 652–60.
9. Albert Ellis and Robert A. Harper, A New Guide to Rational Living (Holly-
wood, Calif.: Wilshire Book Company, 1975).
10. Fremouw and Scott, “Cognitive Restructuring”; Fremouw and Harmatz,
“A Helper Model for Behavioral Treatment of Speech Anxiety.”

11. T. Freeman, C. R. Sawyer, and R. R. Behnke, “Behavioral Inhibition and
Attribution of Public Speaking State Anxiety,” Communication Education, 46
(1997): 175–87.
12. C. R. Sawyer and R. R. Behnke, “Behavioral Inhibition and the Communi-
cation of Public Speaking State Anxiety,” Western Journal of Communication,
66 (2002): 412–22.

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