Page 435 - Between One and Many The Art and Science of Public Speaking

Chapter
15

Thinking and Speaking Critically

Objectives www.mhhe.com/brydon6 Key Concepts

After reading this chapter and reviewing the online learning ad hominem mistaking
resources at www.mhhe.com/brydon6, you should be able to: correlation for
arguing in a
cause
circle (begging
• Explain the difference between argumentativeness and
the question) misused numerical
verbal aggressiveness.
argumentativeness data
• Evaluate arguments using the Toulmin model of reasoning.
critical thinking non sequitur
• Differentiate among patterns of reasoning. post hoc, ergo
distorted evidence
• Identify and refute common fallacies of argument. propter hoc
fallacy
pseudoreasoning
false analogy
red herring
false dilemma (smoke screen)
halo effect slippery slope
hasty stereotyping
generalization
straw person
hyperbole
unsupported
ignoring the issue assertion
inference verbal
isolated examples aggressiveness
loaded language

“ It is better to debate a question without settling it
than to settle a question without debating it. ”

—JOSEPH JOUBERT