Page 54 - Between One and Many The Art and Science of Public Speaking

Notes
1. National Association of Colleges and Employers, “Employers Cite Com-
munication Skills as Key, But Say Many Job Seekers Don’t Have Them,”
26 April 2006. [Retrieved from http://www.naceweb.org/press/display
.asp?year 2006&prid 235, 12 No vem ber 2006.]
2. Kourtney Jason, “Chico State Takes Back the Night at Annual Event,” The
Orion, 25 Oc to ber 2006. [Retrieved from http://media.www.theorion.com/
media/storage/paper889/news/2006/10/25/News/Chico.State.Takes.Back
.The.Night.At.Annual.Event-2407174.shtml, 12 November 2006.]

3. Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, “Family Advisory Council
Members: Edna Morales,” [Retrieved from http://www.cincinnatichildrens
.org/about/fcc/family/member/edna-morales.htm, 5 No vem ber 2006.]
4. Personal communication, 7 May 2007.
5. Ronald B. Adler, Communicating at Work: Principles and Practices for Business
and the Professions, 3rd ed. (New York: Random House, 1989), 4.
6. Adler, Communicating at Work, 216.
7. Anthony P. Carnevale, Leila J. Gainer, and Ann S. Meltzer, Workplace Basics:
The Skills Employers Want (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Of-
fi ce, 1988), 11.

8. Lloyd Bitzer, “The Rhetorical Situation,” Philosophy and Rhetoric 1 (1968): 5.
Bitzer further defi nes an exigence as “an imperfection marked by urgency; it
is a defect, an obstacle, something waiting to be done, a thing which is other
than it should be” (6). In this text we prefer to focus on the speaker’s goal,
which, strictly speaking, is to overcome the exigence present in the rhetorical
situation.
9. W. Barnett Pearce and Vernon E. Cronen, Communication, Action and Mean-
ing: The Creation of Social Realities (New York: Praeger, 1980).

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