Page 218 - Big Data Analytics for Intelligent Healthcare Management

8.4 HOW BLOCKCHAIN IS APPLICABLE FOR HEALTHCARE BIG DATA 211

Table 8.3 Information Protection Regulations of Different Countries and Organizations
Country Law Key Factor
Angola Information Protection Law For sensitive information storing, processing,
and collection, legal permission is needed.
United States • HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability 1. Right to medical record and health
and Accountability Act started in 1996) insurance privacy record from 12 to
• The Health Information Technology for 18year old citizen.
Economic and Clinical Health 2. Meaningful use of all Electronic Health
(HITECH) Act, February 17, 2009 Records (EHRs).
Brazil Law of the Constitution Personal data and private life and citizen’s
image are considered as highly sensitive and
secured information.
EU Data Protection Law from Government Protection of people’s personal information
during storing and processing.
Russia Personal Data Act by Russian Federal Law Data operators are to take all responsibility
regarding any unlawful access to data.
United Data Protection Act (DPA) The individual has huge power in controlling
Kingdom the movement of personal data. Privacy
information must follow the country’s
territorial boundary.
India IT Act Any kind of breaching of personal data should
compensate the victim.
South Korea Personal Information Protection Act Right, interest, and dignity of the citizen are
September 30, 2011 taken care of. No territorial scope is defined.
EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Personal information protection regulation, in
which key factors are consent from the owner,
right to forget, and the territorial boundary of
data.
United States National Institute of Standards and Security automation, public awareness, and
Technology (NIST) harmonized security rules are key factors.
New Zealand Health Information Privacy Code Special rules of medical institutions on
collection, storage, and processing of health
data.
Commonwealth National Electronic Health Transition NEHTA aims to unlock eHealth system
Authority (NEHTA) aspects to improve the electronic health record
collecting and exchanging ways.

Blockchain technology is capable of creating a trusted platform among the digital realm and phys-
ical world. On the contrary, several studies have already demanded a digital trust in healthcare
technology in order to better analyze and collaborate patient data [60, 61]. Jirotka et al. [61] men-
tioned e-healthcare data operability and maintaining this through digital trust over the Internet
among stakeholders. Similarly, Hesse et al. [60] reported that around 63.0% of patients visit online
platforms for health-related help. Of these, 62.4% trust their physician for sharing and protecting
their healthcare data.