Page 260 - Bio Engineering Approaches to Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment

Index 259

T Tumor-initiating cells (TICs), 91
TAA. See tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Tumor markers, 46
Targeted therapy, therapeutic approaches in cancer Tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing
therapy, 4 ligand receptor 1 (TRAILR1), 76
Target-specific microbubbles, 31 Tumor-specific antigens (TSAs), 94
TaSSAW. See tilted-angle standing surface acoustic Two-photon conversion guided drug release (TP-
wave (taSSAW) NIRSRS), 148
T cell receptor (TCR), 117
in cancer therapy, 100, 117 U
Technetium-based radiopharmaceuticals, 36 Ultrasonic waves on tissues and blood, effects of,
TGFβ. See transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) 192
Therapeutic ultrasound, 184 Ultrasound
Thermal properties of microfluidic devices, 229 advantages and disadvantages, 31
Thermal ultrasound therapeutic applications, 186 applications in cancer therapy
high intensity focused ultrasound, 188 approved modes for, 186
hyperthermia, 188 in biomedical engineering, 181
physical therapy, 187 governing equations, 198
Thermo-acoustic imaging, 33 high intensity focused ultrasound on thermal
Thermodynamics ablation, 207
first law of thermodynamics, 17 ultrasonic-activated drug delivery, 200
second law of thermodynamics, 18 devices (kilohertzfrequency)
third law of thermodynamics, 19 harmonic scalpel, 191
zeroth law of thermodynamics, 17 microbubbles and cavitation, 191
Third generation (3G) molecules, 77 sonicators, 191
Third law of thermodynamics, 19 mediated gene transfection, 205
TICs. See tumor-initiating cells (TICs) microbubbles-based contrast agent, 31
TIL. See tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) Unconjugated antibody, 78
Tilted-angle standing surface acoustic wave Uncontrolled cell division, 2
(taSSAW), 231 Unregulated self-renewal of cells, 124
TIRFM. See internal reflection fluorescence Upconverting nanoparticles guided drug release
microscopy (TIRFM) (UP-NIRSRS), 148
Tissue opacification, 24 Urine, as noninvasive body fluid, 63
TLR signaling pathway. See Toll-like receptor
(TLR) signaling pathway V
T-lymphocyte progenitor cells, 126 Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), 76
Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway, 4 VEGF. See vascular endothelial growth factor
TRAILR1. See tumor necrosis factor related (VEGF)
apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor 1 Viral vaccines, 100
(TRAILR1)
Transdermal drug delivery, 206
Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), 107 W
Transition elements, 28 Whole antibody fragments, 77
Transmission of ultrasound waves, 183
Transversal relaxation, 27 X
Transverse surface plasmon resonance, 135 X-ray
Traveling surface acoustic wave (TSAWs), 223 attenuation, 25
TSAs. See tumor-specific antigens (TSAs) based systems including CT scan
TSAWs. See traveling surface acoustic wave advantages and disadvantages, 26
(TSAWs) radiopaque contrast agent, 25
Tumor-associated antigen (TAA), 46 imaging technique, 8
Tumor-associated somatic mutations, 6
Tumor cell vaccines, 100 Z
Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), 74, 116
in cancer therapy, 116 Zeroth law of thermodynamics, 17