Page 646 - Carrahers_Polymer_Chemistry,_Eighth_Edition

Polymer Technology 609

is important for electronic conductance. This is often accomplished through doping that encour-

ages flow of electrons.
12. Polymers are also major materials in the biomedical areas as materials and in the delivery of
drugs.
13. For new polymeric materials to enter the marketplace, many things must be in place, including
a “flagship” property that meets a particular market need, ready availability, and money. It takes

about $1 billion to introduce and establish a new polymer into the marketplace.

GLOSSARY
Abaca: Hemp-like fi ber.
Acrilan: Polyacrylonitrile-based fi bers.
Acrylic fibers: Polyacrylonitrile-based fi bers.

Adhesive: Material that binds, holding together two surfaces.

Biaxial orientation: Process where a material, normally a film, is stretched in two directions
at right angles to each other.
Buna-N: Acrylonitrile–butadiene copolymer.
Calender: Machine for making polymeric sheets using counterrotating rolls.
Casting: Production of film by evaporation of a polymeric solution.

Cellophane: Regenerated cellulosic fi lm.
Charge: Amount of polymer used in each molding or processing cycle.
Coextruded film: Film produced by the simultaneous extrusion of two or more polymers.

Dacron: Trade name for PET fi ber.
Draw: Depth of mold cavity.
Drying oils: Liquids employed in coatings that will be cured, cross-linked.

Dry spinning: Process for obtaining fiber by forcing a solution of a polymer through holes in
a spinneret and evaporating the solvent from the extruded material (extrudate).
Elastomer: Rubber.
Electrodeposition: Use of an electric charge to deposit polymer film or aqueous dispersions

onto a metal substrate.
Engineering material: Material that can be machined, cut, drilled, sawed, and so on; must
have sufficient dimensional stability to allow these actions to occur.

Extrusion: Fabrication process in which a heat-softened polymer is continually forced by a
screw through a die.
Fibrillation: Process for producing fiber by heating and pulling twisted fi lm strips.

Filament: Continuous thread.
Filament winding: Process in which filament are dipped in a prepolymer, wound on a man-

drel, and cured.
Gate: Thin sections of runner at the entrance of a mold cavity.
Green materials: Includes materials that do not have a negative impact on the environment;
biomass-derived materials
Hemp: Fiber from plants of the nettle family.
Hevea rubber: Natural rubber; Hevea brasiliensis.
Hycar: Trade name for Buna-N elastomer.
Jute: Plant fiber used for making burlap.

Kodel: Trade name for PET fi ber.
Lacquers: Polymer solutions to which pigments have been added.
Lamination: Plying up of sheets.
Latex: Stable dispersion of a polymer in water.
Mechanical goods: Generally industrial rubber products like belts.

9/14/2010 3:43:45 PM
K10478.indb 609 9/14/2010 3:43:45 PM
K10478.indb 609