Page 713 - Carrahers_Polymer_Chemistry,_Eighth_Edition

676 Carraher’s Polymer Chemistry

21. The methacrylic acid mers present decrease the crystallinity and improve the toughness and
adhesive properties. The salts act like cross-links at ordinary temperatures.
22. They are all essentially the same copolymers of butadiene and styrene.
23. Chemically or through having materials where one end is miscible in one phase and the other
end miscible in the other phase.
24. (b).
25. For immiscible blends when the phase separated portions are able to operate independently.
26. Depends. Molecular weight wise they are low polymers but some can be described in terms
repeat units.
27. An alternating copolymer is rapidly produced until the maleic anhydride is consumed.
28. They are cross-linked, yet can be molded through use of pressure and heat.
29. Allows prediction of conditions to get copolymers with certain composition and thus properties.
Also, allows the basis for control of copolymer composition.
30. Graft is with a lyophilic monomer such as styrene.
31. A carboxylic acid group.
32. Ionomers are generally flame resistant. With respect to recycling, while they are thermosets,

they can be formed through a combination of heat and pressure so are similar to thermoplastics
in this respect.
33. If the functionality is only two then only linear products are formed. Dendrites occur when the
structures are somewhat three-dimensional so functionalities greater than two are required for
their production.
34. Specialization allows a savings on equipment and accumulation of an in-depth knowledge base.
Further, it maximizes research and selling efforts as well as identifying to others that they are
“experts” within these areas.
35. The properties of the simple random copolymer will generally be some blending of the proper-
ties of the two monomers while the block copolymer may give properties that are characteristic
of homopolymers of each individual monomer.
36. Possibly one of the most important properties is memory or rebound that allows a classical elas-
tomer to return to its original shape after deformation.
37. One possible area of use is the observation that dendrites often act to separate units from one
another, so catalyst sites might be embedded into the dendrite structure with the various den-
drite “wings” acting to keep them apart, allowing them to act independently.

CHAPTER 8
1. For example, PMMA, rubber bands, cellophane, PE, rayon, nylon-66.
2. Lignin.
3. Wood fl our.
4. Formica table tops, plywood, fibrous glass-reinforced plastic boats, graphite-reinforced gold

shafts, and so on.
5. Treat the surface with a silane or melt it and convert it to a fi ber.
6. According to the Einstein equation, the viscosities will be equal.
7. (a).
8. The intermolecular attractions impede motion.
9. T increases.
g
10. (b).
11. Advantages—more fibrous, less discoloration; Disadvantages—higher cost, more diffi cult to

process because of bulk factor.

12. Wood flour below the surface and alpha-cellulose and paper near and at the surface.
13. Inexpensive, biodegradable, not dependent on oil prices.
14. Can cut you and if breathed could cut parts of your body.

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