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36   Carrots and Sticks Don’t Work




           Question: Which employees are typically recognized by
           such programs?
           Answer: The top performers in the organization.

           Discussion: So, the most motivated and productive
           employees are the ones being acknowledged and reinforced
           by the programs. How much more motivated and productive
           can they be? This is like giving extra help to the student
           who makes a 98 percent on an exam. There isn’t much room
           for improvement.


           Question: What kind of impact do these programs have on
           the lowest-performing, least motivated employees?

           Answer: Either none or negative.

           Discussion: If only the top performers are going to get
           recognized, well, they aren’t one of them. For the poor
           performers, such programs are simply reminders of how
           unappreciated they are and how disenfranchised they feel.
           At the absolute best, such programs will have no impact;
           more realistically, such employees will feel even less
           motivated.


           Question: What impact will the program have on the
           majority of employees who fall between the very bottom and
           the very top?

           Answer: Negative.

           Discussion: During the program, many of these employees
           will increase their discretionary effort as they try for
           the “carrot.” Psychologically, the employees who have
           increased their efforts and have not been recognized will
           become demoralized and adopt the attitude, “Why should
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