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142 CULTURAL STUDIES

              But  now  I  know,  at  the  very  least,  to  hold  my  tongue  when  my  son  Oliver
            turns his back on me and my camera, dodging the (maternal) frame.

                                          Notes


            I am grateful to Jane Blocker for inviting me to present an initial version of this
            article  at  a  conference,  ‘Seeing  through  the  body’,  at  Wayne  State  University,
            Detroit, April 1995. I also want to thank Jerry Blow for his generous help with
            photography.
              1 Sigmund Freud, Minutes From the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society, 1909, published
                 as  ‘Freud  and  fetishism:  previously  unpublished  minutes  of  the  Vienna
                 Psychoanalytic  Society’,  ed.  and  trans.  Louis  Rose,  Psychoanalytic  Quarterly,
                 LVII, 1988,159. As cited by Emily Apter in ‘Splitting hairs: female fetishism and
                 postpartum  sentimentality  in  Maupassant’s  fiction’,  in  Feminizing  the  Fetish:
                 Psychoanalysis  and  Narrative  Obsession  in  Turn-of-the  Century  France,  Ithaca:
                 Cornell University Press, 1991, p. 102.
              2 Lynn Gumpert, Christian Boltanski, Paris: Flammarion, 1994, p. 110.
              3 Emily  Apter’s  book,  Feminizing  the  Fetish,  has  been  very  influential  in  my
                 approach to writing this text.
              4 Apter, ‘Splitting hairs’, p. 102.
              5 Susan  Stewart  writes:  ‘The  term  à-bric-à-brac,  which  we  might  translate  as  “by
                 hook  or  crook”,  implies  the  process  of  acquisition  and  exchange,  which  is  the
                 (false)  labor  of  the  collector.’  (On  Longing:  Narratives  of  the  Miniature,  the
                 Gigantic, the Souvenir, the Collection, Baltimore and London: The Johns Hopkins
                 University Press, 1984, p. 159).
              6 James  Clifford,  ‘On  ethnographic  allegory’,  in  Writing  and  Culture:  The  Poetics
                 and  Politics  of  Ethnography,  J.Clifford  and  G.Marcus,  editors,  Berkeley:
                 University of California Press, 1986, p. 106.
              7 Clifford, ‘On ethnographic allegory’, p.121. Here, since Clifford is writing about
                 ethnographic  allegories/stories,  I  am  twisting  his  intended  meaning  a  little.
                 Clifford’s exact words are, ‘If we are condemned to tell stories we cannot control,
                 may we not, at least tell stories we believe to be true.’
              8 Roland Barthes, Camera Lucida, trans. Richard Howard, New York: Farrar, Straus
                 & Giroux, 1981, p. 63.
              9 Ibid., pp. 64–5.
              10 Ibid., p. 65.
              11 Ibid., p. 81. Barthes is quoting Susan Sontag.
              12 Ibid., p. 92.
              13 Ibid., p. 94.
              14 André  Breton,  the  ‘Pope  of  surrealism’,  ends  the  most  famous  of  the  surrealist
                 novels, Nadja, with the line, ‘Beauty will be CONVULSIVE or will not be at all’
                 (André Breton, Nadja, trans. Richard Howard, New York: Grove Press, 1960, p.
                 160). Interestingly enough, the novel’s ‘convulsive beauty’ is substantially derived
                 from the book’s fragmented presentation of photographs that are provocatively, if
                 only tangentially, related to the text’s already incomprehensible narrative. But the
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