Page 403 - Decision Making Applications in Modern Power Systems

Chapter 14

Integration of fixed-speed wind

energy conversion systems into
unbalanced and harmonic

distorted power grids

1
1
Alp Karadeniz , Murat E. Balci and Shady H.E. Abdel Aleem 2
1
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey,
2
Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences Department, 15th of May Higher Institute of
Engineering, Cairo, Egypt
14.1 Introduction

Nowadays, the share of electricity generated by renewables worldwide is
growing in response to technical, economic, and environmental develop-
ments as well as political and social initiatives, driven by the declining cost
of technology, fossil fuel resource depletion, subsidies offered by govern-
ments, and the increased awareness toward global warming rise and green-
house gas emissions [1]. Low-carbon distributed generation (DG) units, such
as wind and solar energy conversion systems, which are the key enablers in
the transition of the energy market to renewable energy, are mainly
employed in power distribution networks (DNs) since they offer different
benefits, such as voltage profile improvement, reliability and power quality
enhancement, power loss reduction, and energy efficiency increase [2].
In the near past the DG units, mainly wind and solar energy, were weaker
to affect the traditional power grids, which mostly rely on fossil fuels to gener-
ate electricity. Today, the increasing rate of DG penetration into distribution
systems has transformed the electricity sector into a smart decentralized one
that is more driven by a mix of technologies and decentralized operators. Thus
unfortunately, many challenges have also raised along with the DG systems.
Specifically, excessive penetration levels (PLs) or inappropriate DG rating
may cause adverse effects in the DNs, such as increased power losses, thermal
overloading of transformers and feeders, over and under voltages, protection
failure, and increased fault levels as well as system security and reliability

Decision Making Applications in Modern Power Systems. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-816445-7.00014-1
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