Page 87 - Design of Reinforced Masonry Structures

MASONRY UNITS: APPLICATIONS, TYPES, SIZES, AND CLASSIFICATION 2.39

bond, joints are centered over the stretchers in alternate courses. In one-third running bond,
the joints overlap the stretchers by one-third their lengths in alternate courses. The running
bond pattern is the strongest and most economical.
English and Flemish bonds were described earlier. The Flemish bond may be varied
by increasing the number of stretchers between headers in each course. Garden wall bond
is formed when three stretchers alternate with a header. When there are two stretchers
between headers, the bond pattern is called double stretcher garden wall. Garden wall bond
may be formed with four or even five stretchers between headers. Figures 2.37 and 2.38
show some bond patterns which can be obtained by varying brick color. Figure 2.38 shows
a garden wall bond with the pattern units in a dovetail fashion.

FIGURE 2.37 Double stretcher garden wall bond FIGURE 2.38 Garden wall bond with units in
with units in diagonal lines. (Courtesy: BIA.) dovetail fashion. (Courtesy: BIA.)

English cross or Dutch bond is a variation
of English bond in which joints between the
stretchers in alternate courses do not align
vertically; the joints themselves are centered
on the stretchers in alternate courses.
Many variations and modifications of
traditional bond patterns have been used to
provide aesthetic and architectural effects.
Variations of patterns may be created by

projecting or depressing the faces of some
units from the overall surface of the wall.
Figure 2.39 shows uses of masonry in imag-
inative ways to form a pattern that is quite
bold visually.
Units of different color and texture can be
used in various pattern bonds to give desired
architectural effect and aesthetic appeal. FIGURE 2.39 Contemporary bonds. (Courtesy:
BIA.)
Before deciding upon a particular pattern,
especially those of the stacked variety, its
acceptability by the local building codes
should be checked.