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Notes 305

11 ACNeilsen, cited in Retail ME, November 2006.
12 Directory of Major Malls, 2006.
13 Robert Ditcham, “81% of Retail Space Sold at Mall of Arabia,” Gulf
News, March 20, 2007.
14 “Playing by Unfair Rules,” Economist, November 25, 2006.
15 “Capturing Opportunities in the Gulf’s Financial Sector,” McKinsey
Quarterly, March 2007.
16 Retail ME, November 2006.
17 Retail ME, November 2006.
18 James J. Zogby, “Shedding Light on the Gulf’s Middle Class,”
McKinsey Quarterly, February 2007.
19 Cited in Economist, December 16, 2006.
20 The Heritage Foundation Web site,www.heritage.org.
21 Unweighted average of the six member countries’ scores.
22 These abbreviations stand, respectively, for the General Agreement
on Tariffs and Trade, the General Agreement on Trade in Services,
and Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights.
23 The World Trade Organization.
24 “Report of the Working Party on the Accession of the Kingdom of
Saudi Arabia, Addendum: Part II—Schedule of Specific
Commitments in Services, List of Article II MFN Exemptions,”
WT/ACC/SAU/61/Add.2, 1 Nov 2005.
25 Oman Chamber of Commerce & Industry, “Oman’s Commitments
under WTO Agreements,” www.chamberoman.com/
doing_occi_opportunities7.asp (accessed March 19, 2007).
26 US Department of State, “Middle East Free Trade Area Initiative,”
June 21, 2006, usinfo.state.gov/mena/img/assets/4756/
062206_mefta_1.pdf
27 “Gulf Expects EU Trade Deal by June,” Reuters, March 5, 2007.
28 www.bilaterals.org/article.php3?id_article=6574.
29 Heather Timmons, “A Middle East Equity Giant with a Small Global
Footprint,” New York Times, December 8, 2006.
30 “Report of the Working Party on the Accession of the Kingdom of
Saudi Arabia to the World Trade Organization,” WT/ACC/SAU/61,
1 November 2005.
31 Since 1999, non-GCC foreigners, wherever resident, have been
allowed to invest indirectly in the Saudi stock market through
mutual funds. Foreign participation is capped at 10 percent of the
value of the fund. GCC nationals can invest in Saudi stocks without