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Chapter 3 E-business infrastructure 127

92.236.80.105 –– [08/Sep/2008:17:48:15 -0500] "GET /Internet-
Marketing/C8-Communications/E-tools/Online-PR/what-is-
atomisation-web-2-0/ HTTP/1.1" 200 76137
"http://www.google.co.uk/search?hl=en&client=firefox-
a&rls=org.mozilla%3Aen-
GB%3Aofficial&hs=hBc&q=atomised+marketing&btnG=Search&meta=”
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-GB; rv:1.8.1.14)
Gecko/20080404 Firefox/2.0.0.14"
Here are the elements of the HTTP request step-by-step:
1 IP address requesting the page. 92.236.80.105. This can be used to determine the
location of the computer or IP assigned address accessing the page. In this example,
a reverse DNS lookup service tells us that is a UK address for IP Blue Yonder.
2 Date/time stamp for transaction. [08/Sep/2008:17:48:15 –0500]. This enables
site owners to see visitors returning to the site (usually in combination with cookies).
3 Page request. "GET /Internet–Marketing/C8–Communications/E-tools/
Online–PR/what–is–atomization–web–2–0/". This is the particular file
requested from the server. Subsequently other page components such as images
will be downloaded.
4 Response status code on server. 200. Important status codes include:
200 OK, the standard response for successful HTTP requests.
301 Moved Permanently, most commonly used to tell the browser or user agent
that the page has moved forever and future requests should be to the new address
– for example when an old site structure is migrated to a new site structure.
302 Found (Moved temporarily), used for temporary redirection.
304 Not Modified, indicating the page or file hasn’t been modified since last
requested by the browser. This saves bandwidth and reprocessing on both the
server and client.
404 Not Found, this is a significant code since it shows where the requested
resource could not be found. Managers should ensure that these are monitored
so that errors such as links pointing to an invalid address are corrected. Special
pages should also be constructed to explain to users what has happened.
500 Internal Server Error, this and other server errors show the server cannot
respond due to an error, for example with the content management system.
5 Referring site. "http://www.google.co.uk/search?hl=en&client=firefox-

a&rls=org.mozilla%3Aen–
GB%3Aofficial&hs=hBc&q=atomized+marketing&btnG=Search&meta="
In this example, this shows us the visit has been referred from Google UK and the
search term ‘atomized marketing’ that the searcher was seeking. You can see this is
very useful information for marketers trying to determine why visitors are accessing
their site.
6 User agent. "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-GB; rv:1.8.
1.14) Gecko/20080404 Firefox/2.0.0.14". This is a software or browsing device
that is used to make the request which is useful for site designers, in this case version
2.0.0.14 of the Mozilla browser. Other significant user agents include search robots
such as Googlebot/2.1 (+http://www.google.com/bot.html) and feed
readers, for example "Feedfetcher-Google; (+http://www.google.com/
feedfetcher.html).