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Chapter 3 E-business infrastructure 145

Data Items: The Xml Document <books.xml>

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE Bookstore SYSTEM "books.dtd">
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/html" href="books.xsl"?>

<Bookstore>
<Book ID="101">
<Author>Dave Chaffey</Author>
<Title>E-business and E-commerce Management</Title>
<Date>30 November 2003</Date>
<ISBN>0273683780</ISBN>
<Publisher>Pearson Education</Publisher>
</Book>
<Book ID="102">
<Author>Dave Chaffey</Author>
<Title>Total E-mail Marketing</Title>
<Date>20 February 2003</Date>
<ISBN>0750657545</ISBN>
<Publisher>Butterworth Heinemann</Publisher>
</Book>
</Bookstore>

Note: The tags such as Bookstore, Book and author are defined for this particular
application. They are defined in a separate Data Type Definition document which is
shown below.

The DTD referenced at the start of the XML document defines the data items associated
with the root element, which in this case is the bookstore:

Data Definition: Document Type Definition <books.dtd>
<!ELEMENT BookStore (Book)*>

<!ELEMENT Book (Title, Author+, Date, ISBN, Publisher)>

<!ATTLIST Book ID #REQUIRED>
<!ELEMENT Title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT Author (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT Date (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT ISBN (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT Publisher (#PCDATA)>

Notes:
The Bookstore can contain many books *
Bookstore is known as the ‘Root element’.
+ Allows for one or more author.
PCDATA stands for parsed character data, i.e. a text string; further validation of fields
could be used
REQUIRED shows that this field is essential.